A modification has been proposed by the authors to calculate the field strength at the cells of a biological target which is illuminated by a transmitting array antenna with a beam width of 6 0 . The biological target is divided into large number of cells so that complex permittivity and electric fields are assumed to be constant in the small area of each cell. The electric fields are calculate...

where ε equals permittivity, εr equals relative permittivity, ε0 equals permittivity of free space (8.85 10 12 F Laboratory tests were conducted to simultaneously measure soil m 1), ε r equals dielectric constant (the real part of relawater content and salinity using a four-electrode Wenner array sensor. The sensor was modified to enhance the capacitive effect. Soil bulk tive permittivity), ε′′...

The transmission/reflection method for complex permittivity and permeability determination is studied. The special case of permittivity measurement is examined in detail. New robust algorithms for permittivity determination that eliminate the ill-behaved nature of the commonly used procedures at frequencies corresponding to integer multiples of one-half wavelength in the sample are presented. A...

In order to create human tissue phantoms for a microwave imaging system, a method to determine the complex permittivity is needed. For this reason a cavity perturbation method has been analyzed and used to perform measurements characterizing the complex permittivity of different fluid mixtures. Results show good agreement on single frequency between the measurement with the reentrant cavity and...

A novel method of dielectric sample detection utilizing microwave coupled-line sensor has been presented. The proposed measurement setup composed of two identical baluns and coupled-line section covered by an unknown material has been analyzed and formulas allowing for calculation of effective permittivity have been derived along with simplified calibration procedure. The method allows for dete...

Complex permittivity of a number of liquids and binary mixtures has been studied by measurement using the waveguide techniques at the X and Ku band. Particular pieces of WR90 and WR62 waveguides were designed for the measurement of liquid materials. The custom designed TRL calibration kits are applied for calibration of the waveguide system. The measured results of complex permittivity of liqui...

Bio-molecule when isolated from its natural ecological condition is subjected to rapid decay. This decay leads to change in polarization and permittivity of molecule. This study presents an experimental analysis of the decay pattern of pM concentration of insulin using whispering gallery mode (WGM) dielectric resonator (DR) method. Analysis is carried out by comparing the permittivity, relaxati...