Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR ) coactivator-1 (PGC-1 ) is a highly regulated transcriptional coactivator that coordinates energy metabolism in mammals. Misregulation of PGC-1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several human diseases, including diabetes, obesity, and neurological disorders. We identified SCF as an E3 ubiquitin ligase that regulates PGC-1 through ubiqui...

BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that evolves from the interaction of activated endothelial cells, macrophages, lymphocytes and modified lipoproteins (LDLs). In the last years many molecules with crucial metabolic functions have been shown to prevent important steps in the progression of atherogenesis, including peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) and...

BACKGROUND Hyperglycemia is a marker of poor outcome in acute ischemic stroke (IS) patients. We aimed at evaluating the effect of combined HbA1c and first glucose measurement values on 3-month mortality prediction. METHODS In a prospective analysis, 1,317 first-ever IS patients with HbA1c values were classified by first glycemia value (<155, 155-199, ≥200 mg/dl). Three-month mortality was ana...

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) plays a key role in the transcriptional control of genes encoding mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation (FAO) enzymes. In this study we sought to determine whether the recently identified PPAR gamma coactivator 1 (PGC-1) is capable of coactivating PPARalpha in the transcriptional control of genes encoding FAO enzymes. Mammalian cell...

Endothelial dysfunction is a characteristic of many vascular related diseases such as hypertension. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma, coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) is a unique stress sensor that largely acts to promote adaptive responses. Therefore, we sought to define the role of endothelial PGC-1α in vascular function using mice with endothelial specific loss of function (PGC-1α EC ...

Transcriptional coactivators and corepressors often have multiple targets and can have opposing actions on transcription and downstream physiological events. The coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator (PGC)-1α is under-expressed in Huntington's disease and is a regulator of antioxidant defenses and mitochondrial biogenesis. We show that in primary cortical neurons,...

BACKGROUND Oleic acid (OA) stimulates vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration. The precise mechanism is still unclear. We sought to investigate the effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1alpha) on OA-induced VSMC proliferation and migration. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Oleate and palmitate, the most abundant monounsatura...

The distribution and behavior of chick primordial germ cells (PGC) injected into quail embryos were examined. PGC from chick embryos at stages 13-14 were injected into the blood stream of quail embryos at stages 15-20. After one day, the quail embryos were examined histologically. The chick PGC in the quail embryos could be readily identified by the histochemical PAS technique, whereas quail PG...

We hypothesized that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 (PGC-1) family of transcriptional coactivators (PGC-1alpha, PGC-1beta, and PRC) is differentially regulated by training once daily vs. training twice daily every second day and that this difference might be observed in the acute response to endurance exercise. Furthermore, we hypothesized that expression lev...

OBJECTIVES Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1 (PPARGCA1, PGC-1) transcriptional coactivators control gene programs important for nutrient metabolism. Islets of type 2 diabetic subjects have reduced PGC-1α expression and this is associated with decreased insulin secretion, yet little is known about why this occurs or what role it plays in the development of diabetes. Our ...