A simple evaluation of the phase change in a diffracted wave, in terms of the Cornu spiral, is presented to complement the well-known intensity change, which is routinely obtained for this elegant graphical construction of the Fresnel integrals. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first presentation of this evaluation. It is shown that the phase of a wave diffracted by a slit is equal to...

Introduction Conclusions References

A two-step white-light spectral interferometric technique is used to retrieve the ellipsometric phase of a thin-film structure from the spectral interferograms recorded in a polarimetry configuration with a birefringent crystal. In the first step, the phase difference between p- and s-polarized waves propagating in the crystal alone is retrieved. In the second step, the additional phase change ...

Nutrients shape the growth, maturation, and aging of plants and animals. In plants, the juvenile to adult transition (vegetative phase change) is initiated by a decrease in miR156. In Arabidopsis, we found that exogenous sugar decreased the abundance of miR156, whereas reduced photosynthesis increased the level of this miRNA. This effect was correlated with a change in the timing of vegetative ...

Phase change memory (PCM) has opportunities of various applications on the premise of its high performance operations, which are still to develop with innovations such as change of a memorymaterial. In respects of high-speed and high-scalability memory characteristics, d-phase Ge-doped SbTe (GeST) materials stand as highly promising candidates. An overview of the material and device characteris...

Magnetic phase change memory (MAG PCM) consists of bits with different magnetic permeability values. The bits are read by measuring their effect on a magnetic probe field. Previously low permeability crystalline bits had been written in high permeability amorphous films of Metglas via laser heating. Here data is presented showing that by applying short laser pulses with the appropriate power to...

phase change memory devices Kyle L. Grosse, Eric Pop, and William P. King Deptartment of Mechanical Science & Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Ur...

An important step during plant development is the transition from juvenile to adult growth. It is only after this transition that plants are reproductively competent. Given the great danger that transposon activity represents to the germ line, this may also be an important period during development with respect to transposon regulation and silencing. We demonstrate that a change in expression o...