Interest in the determination and screening of pesticide residues in soil is caused by widespread use of chemical pesticides in agriculture, which increase soil contamination. Two extraction techniques, matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) and liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) of residual pesticides (acaricides, insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides) from soil were compared. Advantages and disa...

BACKGROUND We previously reported that two-phase partition chromatography between ginseng water extract and soybean oil efficiently eliminated pesticide residues. However, an undesirable odor and an unpalatable taste unique to soybean oil were two major disadvantages of the method. This study was carried out to find an alternative vegetable oil that is cost effective, labor effective, and effic...

We examined the mitigation efficiency of a managed riverine wetland amended with a mixture of suspended sediment, two nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus), and three pesticides (atrazine, metolachlor, and permethrin) during a simulated agricultural runoff event. Hydrologic management of the 500 m-long, 25 m-wide riverine wetland was done by adding weirs at both ends. The agrichemical mixture was...

Considering the increasing rice consumption in the world and also the excessive application of pesticides to increase production, an experiment was conducted to determine the pesticide residues and their effects on nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus content of Hashemi, Khazar and Gohar (SA13) rice cultivars, in a factorial design at randomized complete block design with three replications. In t...

This study determined the concentration of pesticides contaminating soil and water, effect on microbial activity physicochemical properties. Nutrient agar was used for enumeration total heterotrophic bacteria by pour plate method. Enumeration fungi done with Potato Dextrose Agar. Soil CO2-evolution estimated every 5-days 25 days. Total nitrogen using macro-Kjeldhal distillation Available phosph...

diazinon is a moderately persistent organ phosphorus pesticide largely used in agriculture. thepurpose of this study was to evaluate the histopathological damages induced by diazinon in gills, kidney,spleen, and intestine tissues of rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. the fishes were exposed to sub-lethalconcentrations of diazinon (0.1 and 0.2 mg/l) for a period of 28 days. tissues analyzed by ...

considering the increasing rice consumption in the world and also the excessive application of pesticides to increase production, an experiment was conducted to determine the pesticide residues and their effects on nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus content of hashemi, khazar and gohar (sa13) rice cultivars, in a factorial design at randomized complete block design with three replications. in t...

diazinon is a moderately persistent organ phosphorus pesticide largely used in agriculture. thepurpose of this study was to evaluate the histopathological damages induced by diazinon in gills, kidney,spleen, and intestine tissues of rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. the fishes were exposed to sub-lethalconcentrations of diazinon (0.1 and 0.2 mg/l) for a period of 28 days. tissues analyzed by ...

Intoxication by organophosphate (OP) nerve agents and pesticides should be addressed by efficient, quickly deployable countermeasures such as antidotes reactivating acetylcholinesterase or scavenging the parent OP. We present here synthesis and initial in vitro characterization of 14 imidazole aldoximes and their structural refinement into three efficient reactivators of human butyrylcholineste...

During the next 50 years, which is likely to be the final period of rapid agricultural expansion, demand for food by a wealthier and 50% larger global population will be a major driver of global environmental change. Should past dependences of the global environmental impacts of agriculture on human population and consumption continue, 10(9) hectares of natural ecosystems would be converted to ...