We introduce a combined macroscopic/microscopic transport approach employing relativistic hydrodynamics for the early, dense, deconfined stage of the reaction and a microscopic non-equilibrium model for the later hadronic stage where the equilibrium assumptions are not valid anymore. Within this approach we study the dynamics of hot, bulk QCD matter, which is expected to be created in ultra-rel...

multiwall carbon nanotubes (mwcnts) are grown via chemical vapour deposition method directly on a stainless steel substrate. raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy are the techniques chosen to characterize the structure of the synthesized carbon nanotubes: few structural defects are detected. after their removal from the stainless steel substrate, the as-grown mwcnts are then a...

Organic polar crystals from the donor-acceptor substituted 1,4-diphenybutadiene 1 can generate a short-circuit photocurrent and a photovoltage upon illumination with near UV light. The photocurrent and photovoltage are attributed to a bulk photovoltaic effect. The bulk photovoltaic effect has been known for inorganic polar crystals for decades and can now also be demonstrated for organic polar ...

The glass-forming ability (GFA) and the magnetic properties of the [(Fe0.5Co0.5)0.75B0.20Si0.05]96Nb4−xYx bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) have been studied. The partial replacement of Nb by Y improves the thermal stability of the glass against crystallization. The saturation mass magnetization (σs) exhibits a maximum around 2 at. % Y, and the value of σs of the alloy with 2 at. % Y is 6.5% larger ...

We investigate the quantum photovoltaic effect in double quantum dots by applying the nonequilibrium quantum master equation. A drastic suppression of the photovoltaic current is observed near the open circuit voltage, which leads to a large filling factor. We find that there always exists an optimal inter-dot tunneling that significantly enhances the photovoltaic current. Maximal output power ...

A photovoltaic cell converts the solar energy into the electrical energy by the photovoltaic effect. Solar cells are widely used in terrestrial and space applications. The photovoltaic cells must be operated at their maximum power point. The maximum power point varies with illumination, temperature, radiation dose and other ageing effects. In this paper, we present four models for a photovoltai...

This paper describes the development stages and performance of a solar powered thermoelectric refrigerator. It is carried out by installing a conventional thermoelectric refrigerator in a stand alone photovoltaic system for household usage. This photovoltaic driven refrigerator is powered by a field of solar panels, a battery bank, a solar charge controller, and an inverter. In this project, th...

In this paper, a fault detection method for photovoltaic module under partially shaded conditions is introduced. It consists to use an artificial neural network in order to estimate the output photovoltaic current and voltage under variable working conditions. The measured data (solar irradiance, cell temperature, photovoltaic current and voltage) at Renewable Energy Laboratory REL, Jijel Unive...

Abstract The purpose of this study is to verify and realize, with the use of Confirmatory Factor Analysis, the interactive effects of cloud technology investment on flexible manufacturing capabilities and logistics capabilities respectively. Research subjects are the section chiefs and managers working at Taiwan-listed photovoltaic companies. The simple Random Sampling method is adopted, and St...