BACKGROUND Severe cardiogenic pulmonary edema is a frequent cause of respiratory failure, and many patients with this condition require endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. We investigated whether continuous positive airway pressure delivered by means of a face mask had physiologic benefit and would reduce the need for intubation and mechanical ventilation. METHODS We randomly ...

Bacterial sepsis often precedes the development of the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and bacterial endotoxin (LPS) produces a syndrome similar to ARDS when infused into experimental animals. We determined in isolated, buffer-perfused rabbit lungs, free of plasma and circulating blood cells that LPS synergized with platelet activating factor (PAF) to injure the lung. In lungs perfus...

purpose : to compare the 6-months anatomic and best corrected visual acuity (bcva) responses after primary intravitreal bevacizumab (ivb intravitreal avastin) and ivb plus macular photocoagulation (mpc) in diabetics with clinically significant macular edema (csme) methods : in this interventional randomized clinical trial (rct) 40 diabetics (80 eyes) with bilateral csme and non-proliferative di...

The role of the posterior elements in generating axial back and neck pain is well established; the imaging detection of posterior element pain generators remains problematic. Morphologic imaging findings have proved to be nonspecific and are frequently present in asymptomatic patients. Edema, inflammation, and hypervascularity are more specific for sites of pain generation, but are often overlo...

A concentration of lymphoid tissue is present at the entrance to the respiratory and digestive tracts called Waldeyer's ring. In the oropharynx this takes the form of the pharyngeal tonsils, the lingual tonsils, and scattered lymphoid follicles of the pharyngeal mucosa. This lymphoid tissue functions as a filtering mechanism to prevent deeper spread of infection which has penetrated the mucosal...

Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, secretes a tri-partite exotoxin that exerts pleiotropic effects on the host. The purification of the exotoxin components, protective antigen, lethal factor, and edema factor allowed the rapid characterization of their physiologic effects on the host. As molecular biology matured, interest focused on the molecular mechanisms and cellular altera...

Elderly patients present deterioration in voice quality due to anatomical and functional changes of the larynx associated with the aging process, and other voice disorders common in the elderly population. Identified causes of geriatric voice dysfunction include anatomic changes in the larynx such as vocal fold atrophy, central neurologic conditions (e.g. stroke, Parkinson’s disease, essential ...

In the acute respiratory distress syndrome, plasma proteins in alveolar edema liquid are thought to inactivate lung surfactant and raise surface tension, T. However, plasma protein-surfactant interaction has been assessed only in vitro, during unphysiologically large surface area compression (%ΔA). Here, we investigate whether plasma proteins raise T in situ in the isolated rat lung under physi...

background: autologous skin graft is frequently used in the field of plastic, and reconstructive surgery. the engraftment is dependent upon revascularization and angiogenesis, which can be regulated by different factors. in addition to its hematopoietic effects, erythropoietin is shown to positively affect the wound healing process. objectives: we studied effects of human erythropoietin on reva...