Sensitivity in BOLD fMRI is characterized by the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the time-series (tSNR), which contains fluctuations from thermal and physiological noise sources. Alteration of an acquisition parameter can affect the tSNR differently depending on the relative magnitude of the physiological and thermal noise, therefore knowledge of this ratio is essential for optimizing fMRI acqui...

Introduction Temporal signal-to-noise ratio (tSNR) is the essential parameter for any BOLD fMRI protocol, as it limits the sensitivity to BOLD signal changes, whether they stem from stimulus-induced neuronal activity or from resting-state fluctuations. Thermal noise affects the tSNR as well as the single image SNR (SNR0), but the limiting factor of tSNR may be of different origin: Physiological...

C. Triantafyllou, M. Elschot, J. R. Polimeni, and L. L. Wald A.A. Martinos Imaging Center, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, United States, A.A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, MGH, Charlestown, MA, United States, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands, Harvard-MIT Division of Hea...

Noise in the knee joint is a common symptom that often leads to outpatient clinic visits. However, there have been no previous review articles regarding noise around the knee despite its high prevalence. We will review the noise characteristics according to sound nature and onset as well as factors for differentiation between physiological and pathological noises. In addition, we will describe ...

Background: In Neonatal intensive care units (NICU) different sound intensities and frequencies are produced from different sources, which may exert undesirable physiological effects on the infants. The aim of this study was to determine the noise level and its sources in the NICU and neonatal ward of Al-Zahra Hospital of Rasht, Iran. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the inte...

Anthropogenic noise in the ocean has increased substantially in recent decades, and motorized vessels produce what is likely the most common form of underwater noise pollution. Noise has the potential to induce physiological stress in marine fishes, which may have negative ecological consequences. In this study, physiological effects of increased noise (playback of boat noise recorded in the fi...

BACKGROUND Physiological noise is one of the major confounds for fMRI. A common class of correction methods model noise from peripheral measures, such as ECGs or pneumatic belts. However, physiological noise correction has not emerged as a standard preprocessing step for fMRI data yet due to: (1) the varying data quality of physiological recordings, (2) non-standardized peripheral data formats ...