We have modeled the injection and acceleration of pickup ions at the solar wind termination shock and investigated the parameters needed to produce the observed Anomalous Cosmic Ray (ACR) fluxes. A non-linear Monte Carlo technique was employed which in effect solves the Boltzmann equation and is not restricted to near isotropic particle distribution functions. This technique models the injectio...

In the vicinity of Europa, Galileo observed bursty Alfvén-cyclotron wave power at the gyrofrequencies of a number of species including K+, O 2+, Na+, and Cl+, indicating the localized pickup of these species. Additional evidence for the presence of chlorine was the occurrence of both left-hand (LH) and right-hand (RH) polarized transverse wave power near the Cl+ gyrofrequency, thought to be due...

The behavior of beam pickup and kickers subjected to the electromagnetic fields of relativistic charged particles is examined. The concept of image currents is explained. The frequency domain response of a simple stripline pickup is derived and the behavior of kickers is explained through Lorentz reciprocity.

One of the most common combinatorial problems in logistics and transportation applications is the Stacker Crane problem (SCP), where commodities or customers are associated with a pickup location and a delivery location, and the objective is to find a minimum-length tour visiting all locations with the constraint that each pickup location and its associated delivery location are visited in cons...

[1] We use Acceleration, Reconnection, Turbulence and Electrodynamics of the Moon’s Interaction with the Sun (ARTEMIS) measurements of lunar exospheric pickup ions in the terrestrial magnetotail lobes combined with a particle-tracing model to constrain the source species and distributions of the lunar neutral exosphere. These pickup ions, generated by photoionization of neutral species while th...

[1] Titan’s dense atmosphere is thought to be an important source of pickup ions in the Saturnian magnetosphere. Cassini spacecraft measurements of the plasmas near Titan show evidence of pickup ions, yet electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves, which are direct indicators of ion pickup, have not yet been detected. Pickup ions and their associated ion cyclotron waves have been observed at Saturn’s ...

Pickup and delivery problems (PDPs), in which objects or people have to be transported between specific locations, are among the most common combinatorial problems in real-world operations. A widely-encountered type of PDP is the Stacker Crane Problem (SCP), where each commodity/customer is associated with a pickup location and a delivery location, and the objective is to find a minimum-length ...

A quasi-linear diffusion model including both pitch angle and energy diffusion, adiabatic ompression and convective motion with the solar wind flow has been used to investigate the cometary ion pickup process along the Sun-comet line at comet Halley. The total pickup ion densities and magnetic turbulence spectrum levels observed by Giotto were used to constrain the quasi-linear model. Compariso...

Pickup trucks have become increasingly popular in the United States. A recent study found that in crashes involving fatalities, cargo area passengers were 3 times more likely to die than were occupants in the cab. Compared with restrained cab occupants, the risk of death for those in the cargo area was 8 times higher. Furthermore, the increased use of extended-cab pickup trucks and air bag-equi...