The pituitary gland regulates numerous physiological functions including growth, reproduction, temperature and metabolic homeostasis, lactation, and response to stress. Pituitary organogenesis is dependent on signaling factors that are produced in and around the developing pituitary. The studies described in this report reveal that the forkhead transcription factor, Foxd1, is not expressed in t...

Although salivary gland rest in posterior pituitary is frequently observed during microscopic examination at autopsy, this rest tissue rarely causes clinical symptoms. So far, only three symptomatic salivary gland rest cyst in pituitary was reported. The author reports the 4(th) case of symptomatic pituitary salivary gland rest cyst in 26-year-old woman presenting with severe headache. The lesi...

Estrogens are crucial determinants in the regulation of anterior pituitary function and maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Estrogen actions in this gland are exerted through both classical and non-classical mechanisms of action. This review summarizes the expression of classical α- and β-estrogen receptors and variant isoforms of estrogen receptors in anterior pituitary cell subpopulations. We ...

PURPOSE To compare the MR appearance of the pituitary glands of healthy volunteers with that of patients with microadenomas. METHODS Unenhanced coronal T1-weighted MR of the pituitary gland was performed on 52 healthy adult volunteers and 14 consecutive patients with evidence of pituitary adenomas. The MRs were interpreted in a randomized, blinded fashion. Notation was made of pituitary gland...

Expression of (pro)renin receptor ((P)RR), a specific receptor for renin and prorenin, was studied in rat pituitary gland. In situ hybridization showed that cells expressing (P)RR mRNA were widely distributed in the anterior lobe and intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland. Double-staining using in situ hybridization for (P)RR mRNA and immunohistochemistry for the pituitary hormones showed tha...

We present the evolution of pituitary changes in the cases of 2 patients with Sheehan syndrome as assessed by MR imaging. Both patients had severe postpartum hemorrhage, symptoms of pituitary gland apoplexy, and hypopituitarism. Sequential MR imaging demonstrated evidence of ischemic infarct in the pituitary gland with enlargement followed by gradual shrinkage during several months, to pituitar...

Introduction The pituitary gland, also called the master was first described by a Belgian scientist Andreas Vesalius in 1543. Pituitary gland is engine of normal human physiology and its size volume changes normally during various physiological stages as well pathological processes, so it becomes imperative to have reference value for particular population differentiate gland. It tiny endocrine...

The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis describes a complex set of positive and negative feedback influences between the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal gland.[...].

growth blood pressure some aspects of pregnancy and childbirth including stimulation of uterine contractions during childbirth breast milk production sex organ functions in both males and females thyroid gland function the conversion of food into energy (metabolism) water and osmolarity regulation in the body water balance via the control of reabsorption of water by the kidneys temperature regu...