Darters represent a substantial radiation of freshwater fishes that live in close association with the substrate in North American streams and rivers. A key feature of any darter species is therefore its ability to stay in place or to "hold station" in flowing water. Here, we quantify the station-holding performance of two morphologically divergent darter species, the fantail darter Etheostoma ...

objective(s):the hippocampus has been implicated in pathophysiology of schizophrenia. prenatal stress is a contributing risk factor for a wide variety of neuropsychiatric diseases including schizophrenia. this study examined long-term effects of prenatal restraint stress on the stereological parameters in the cornu ammonis (ca) of adult male rats as an animal model of schizophrenia. materials a...

The effect of different cathode strategies (mullite/MnO2, Plexiglas/Gore-Tex/MnO2, mullite/coal fly ash, mullite/biochar, mullite/activated carbon) on the performance air-cathode microbial fuel cells (MFCs) was investigated. highest maximum power output observed using MnO2 catalyst pasted Gore-Tex cloth (7.7 mW/m3), yet coulombic efficiencies (CEs) were achieved (CE 23.5 ± 2.7%) and coal ash 20...

the evaporation of liquid droplets is of fundamental importance in a large number of practical situations ranging from technological applications such as ink-jet printing, spray cooling and various coating processes, to a variety of biological and geophysical contexts. in this study, the behavior of the surfaces of glass, plexiglas, aluminum and copper in the evaporation of water droplets is st...

We report an improved interface for two-dimensional capillary electrophoresis. This interface is based on capillary tubing and a Plexiglas chip, both of which were milled using a micro-dicing saw. The interface was evaluated and compared to a traditional interface design for both pseudo one-dimensional and two-dimensional capillary electrophoresis. We observe less than 70% transfer efficiency f...

Non-contact air-coupled technique has been applied to measure ultrasonic velocities in two planar samples, Plexiglas and mortar. Longitudinal waves and mode-converted shear velocities were obtained by three approaches. The obtained velocities were compared with that measured by contact method. The results demonstrate that non-contact air-coupled technique has great potential for the comparative...