Combining density-functional theory and thermodynamics we compute the phase diagram of surface structures of rutile RuO2(110) in equilibrium with water vapor in the complete range of experimentally accessible gas phase conditions. Through the formation of hydroxyl or water-like groups, already lowest concentrations of hydrogen in the gas phase are sufficient to stabilize an oxygen-rich polar ox...

Vibrated polar disks have been used experimentally to investigate collective motion of driven particles, where fully ordered asymptotic regimes could not be reached. Here we present a model reproducing quantitatively the single, binary, and collective properties of this granular system. Using system sizes not accessible in the laboratory, we show in silico that true long-range order is possible...

The phase diagram of lowest-energy vortices in the polar spin-1 Bose--Einstein condensates is investigated theoretically. Singly quantized are categorized by local ordered state vortex core and three types found as vortices, which elliptic AF-core axisymmetric F-core N-core vortices. These named after state, ferromagnetic (F), antiferromagnetic (AF), broken-axisymmetry (BA), normal (N) states a...

Described here are constructions of finite geometries, with special emphasis on generalized quadrangles, using first a strange subset <# of flags of a known finite geometry and then defining new objects by a process of sequentially taking collections of new flags in various residues according to certain rules. These rules can be thought of as a game played on a Dynkin diagram, and the diagram i...

Polar ring galaxies, where matter is in equilibrium in perpendicular orbits around spiral galaxies, are ideal objects to probe the 3D shapes of dark matter halos. The conditions to constrain the halos are that the perpendicular system does not strongly perturb the host galaxy, or that it is possible to derive back its initial shape, knowing the formation scenario of the polar ring. The formatio...

Figure 1: Two electric fields are shown. Both have the same frequency, but differ in phase. The solid line has a phase shift of 0 , while the dotted line is shifted -120 . Complex numbers are widely used as a convenient method of keeping track of the frequency and phases of pulses and signals in NMR. In the case of x-ray crystallography, they provide a way of representing the effect of atomic p...

Precursor analysis, the evaluation of “near misses,” has been an activity of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission for almost twenty years. One item that has remained constant over this time is that the focus of the analysis has been on modeling the scenario using a risk model and then utilizing the results of the analysis to determine the severity of the precursor incident. The investigation of pr...

We have investigated the phase diagram of a statistical model for hydrogen-bonding solutions for polar solutes. The structured solvent is represented by an associating lattice gas, which presents anomalous density and liquid-liquid coexistence. Polar solute particles and solvent particles interact attractively, while the solvent-solvent interaction is made directional through bonding arms, whic...

The dispersion relation is derived for the most general configuration of a passive and reciprocal periodically loaded transmission line in a unique and simple form by introducing two novel parameters. Based on this relation, the phase and group velocities are determined and a simple condition for phase reversal propagation is obtained. The two above mentioned parameters help us to develop a pol...