Introduction: The removal of organic precursors of disinfection byproducts (DBPs), i.e. natural organic matter (NOM), prior to disinfection is considered as the most effective approach to minimise the formation of DBPs. Trihalomethanes (THMs) as the main group of DBPs are categorized and considered to have the potentiality of increasing the rate of liver, kidney and CNS adverse effects. Methods...

Introduction: The objective of this study was, wastewater quality investigation and removal efficiency of contaminants from the wastewater tile factory by using coagulants includes ferric chloride, ferric sulfate and ferrous, aluminum sulfate and poly aluminum chloride in order to reuse it in the processing line. Methods: This is an applied study. With regard to shiftwork schedules of the facto...

enhanced coagulation (ec) is defined as the addition of excess coagulation to improve the removal of disinfection by-product (dbps) precursors through the use of conventional water treatment processes. in this research, most of coagulants of ferric chloride (fecl3), poly aluminum chloride(pacl) in removal of most parameters of total organic carbon (toc), dissolved organic carbon (doc), organic ...

A rotational isomeric state model with neighbor interactions is used to calculate mean-square unperturbed dimensions and dipole moments for vinyl chloride chains CHa-(CHCI-CH,,)zH having degrees of polymerization x ranging from 1 to 150 and stereochemical structures ranging from perfect syndiotacticity to perfect isotacticity. Conformational energies used in the calculation were those which had...

A family of zirconium complexes containing bis-, tri- or tetra-BTP ligands (BTP = benzotriazole phenolate) were synthesized and structurally characterized. Treatment of Zr(O(i)Pr)4((i)PrOH) with 2.0 molar equivalents of 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenol ((C8)BTP-H) or 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-di-tert-butylphenol ((t-Bu)BTP-H) afforded zirconium alkoxide ([((C8)BT...

The research work reports facile, eco-friendly microwaveassisted solvent free synthesis of coupled heterocyclic system 2-(1Hindol-3-yl)-4-substitued-2, 3-dihydrobenzo [1, 5] thiazepine derivatives obtained by cyclo condensation of 1-substituted-3(1Hindolyl)-2-propen-1-ones with 2-amino thiophenol in presence of eco-friendly catalyst zirconium(IV) oxy chloride, in solvent-free conditions. The re...

-Exchange reactions of Na-montmorillonite with zirconyl chloride solutions give products with basal spacings near 18 A which are stable to 500~ and have surface areas of the order of 300-400 m2/g. The Na ions are exchanged with tetrameric hydroxy cations [Zr4(OH)I( nH~O] 2+. The high surface area is attributed to the porosity formed by stable zirconium oxide" pillars" formed by dehydroxylatlon ...

Simultaneous electrospinning of two polymer solutions in a side-by-side fashion is conducted for two bicomponent polymer systems— poly (vinyl chloride)/segmented polyurethane (PVC/Estane) and poly(vinyl chloride)/poly(vinylidiene fluoride) (PVC/PVDF). The new experimental device is described and suitable process conditions to electrospin bicomponent fibers are described. Field emission scanning...

The effect of several surfactants on the formation of the fluorescent ternary complex oxalate-Alizarin Red S-zirconium(IV) has been studied. In weakly acidic medium and in the presence of cationic surfactants, such as cetylpyridinium chloride, total complex formation is achieved, whereas in aqueous medium or in the presence of non-cationic micelles no significant changes are obtained in compari...