BACKGROUND The Avahan Initiative, a large-scale HIV preventive intervention targeted to high-risk populations including female sex workers (FSWs), was initiated in 2003 in six high-prevalence states in India, including Karnataka. This study assessed if intervention exposure was associated with condom use with FSWs' sexual partners, including a dose-response relationship. METHODS Data were fro...

Device-associated infections (DAI) can cause major medical and economic sequelae. Multifaceted care bundle is considered as an important part of routine nursing activity, not only a measures DAI prevention, but crucial treatment with profound effect on the patients general health.
 Objectives
 
 To measure Device associated infection status CLABSI, CAUTI, VAP in pre implementatio...

Objective. Early restoration of coronary perfusion by thrombolysis or percutaneous coronary intervention is the main modality of treatment to salvage the ischemic myocardium. The earlier the procedure is completed, the greater the benefit is in saving myocardium and restoring its functions. The aim of the study is to compare the door-to-needle time (DNT) in acute ST elevation myocardial infarct...

The brain is first and foremost a control system that is capable of building an internal representation of the external world, and using this representation to make decisions, set goals and priorities, formulate plans, and control behavior with intent to achieve its goals. The internal representation is distributed throughout the brain in two forms: 1) firmware embedded in synaptic connections ...

State-of-the-art dynamic bug detectors such as data race and memory leak detectors report program locations that are likely causes of bugs. However, static program location is not enough for developers to understand the behavior of increasingly complex and concurrent software. Dynamic calling context provides additional information, but it is expensive to record calling context frequently, e.g....

BACKGROUND Buffalo City Municipality (BCM) in the Eastern Cape (EC) has the highest susceptibility to deliberate self-harm (DSH) of any South African city. The EC also has a shortage of critical care beds. OBJECTIVE; This study reviewed DSH admissions over 5 years to the critical care unit (CCU) of Cecilia Makiwane Hospital (CMH), a large peri-urban hospital in the EC. It also examined the fina...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES There is little information about the management and prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who are not admitted to coronary care units (CCU) because of the lack of available beds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics and prognosis of the patients who were admitted to the intermediate care unit (INTCU) of a cardiology depart...

Early thrombolytic therapy after acute myocardial infarction is important in reducing mortality. To evaluate a system for reducing in-hospital delays to thrombolysis pain to needle and door to needle times to thrombolysis were audited in a major accident and emergency (A and E) department of a district general hospital and its coronary care unit (CCU), situated about 5 km away. Baseline perform...

BACKGROUND Avahan, the India AIDS Initiative, is a large-scale targeted intervention. Data on condom use prior to Avahan are unavailable. The authors used a novel method of analysing cross-sectional survey data to 'reconstruct' condom use rates in presurvey years, and to assess the relationship between Avahan and time trends in condom use among female sex workers (FSWs). METHODS Among FSWs re...