Papers published in Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions are under open-access review for the journal Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Abstract Preferential flow features have been found to be important for runoff generation, solute transport, and slope stability in many areas around the world. Although many studies have identified the particular characteristics of individual feat...

Field weathering of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) produces soluble compost leachate that percolates into underlying soils and may adversely impact groundwater. Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate movement and retention of SMS leachate solutes in subsurface soil columns. Spent mushroom substrate leachate with high concentrations of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and inorganic s...

The technical problem addressed in this paper is, given two rule systems for consequence relations X and Y, how to construct Y-approximations of a given X-relation. While an upper Yapproximation can be easily constructed if all Yrules are Horn, the construction of lower Yapproximations is less straightforward. We address the problem by defining the notion of coclosure under co-Horn rules, that ...

Twelve years ago, various notions of preferential entailment have been introduced. The main reference is a paper by Kraus, Lehmann and Magidor (KLM), one of the main competitor being a more general version defined by Makinson (MAK). These two versions have already been compared, but it is time to revisit these comparisons. Here are our main results: (1) These two notions are equivalent, provide...

We have previously demonstrated that intracoronary infusion of the endothelium-dependent vasodilators acetylcholine, ATP, or arachidonic acid produces a preferential increase in subendocardial blood flow in anesthetized dogs. This study was performed to assess the effects of coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion on the distribution of myocardial blood flow produced by endothelium-dependent ...

Rapid movement of agricultural chemicals through soil to groundwater via preferential flow pathways is one cause of water contamination. Previous studies have shown that time domain reflectometry (TDR) could be used to characterize solute transport in soil. However, previous studies have only scarcely addressed preferential flow. This study presents an extended application of TDR for determinin...