A primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is an extranodal form of non-Hodg‐ kin’s lymphoma arising in the craniospinal axis. For many years, PCNSLs were reported to represent 3–5% of all primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors [1]. However, PCNSL appears to be increasing in incidence [2-4]. PCNSL age-adjusted incidence (0.15 to 0.48, a 3fold increase) outpaced that of systemic lymp...

Primary lymphoma of the central nervous system (PCNSL), defined as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) confined to the central nervous system (CNS), has recently gained attention due to its increased incidence, which is mainly due to theAIDS epidemic and has been observed in some but not all series addressing immunocompetent patients.1 As morphology does not distinguish between PCNSL and extr...

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is characterized by extranodal malignant lymphomas arising in the brain, spinal cord, CSF, and eyes in the absence of lymphoma outside the nervous system at the time of diagnosis (Deckert & Paulus, 2007). By definition, this excludes CNS involvement of systemic lymphomas and angiotropic lymphomas (Schlegel et al., 2000). The incidence of PCNSL in ...

OBJECTIVE To describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance of central nervous system lymphoma. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed MRI images of 40 patients who had pathologically proven primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) and received treatment in Binzhou People's Hospital, Shandong, China from January to December in 2014. Location, size and form of tumor was observed ...

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare extranodal form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The present study aimed to investigate the potential association between infection with the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and PCNSL. The prevalence of HBV infection in 199 patients with PCNSL was compared in our hospital with that of an age-and sex-matched group of patients with other cancers (exc...

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is reported to have increased in the last decades. Early diagnosis is crucial for proper management of this tumor. We report a case of a 48-year-old man who was initially diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed multiple lesions with hyper-signals in the bilateral basal ganglia and brain stem in T2-weight...

Dear Editor, Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare tumour accounting for 4% of all brain neoplasms.1 In immunocompetent patients, it tends to present as a large solitary hemispheric mass with periventricular lesions giving rise to ependymal seeding in 38% of the cases.2 Leptomeningeal metastases of the PCNSL at presentation are rare, accounting for only 2.3% of the cases.3 W...

The exact rate of lymphomatous meningitis in primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSL) is uncertain. In this prospective multicenter study, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 116 immunocompetent patients with newly diagnosed PCNSL was evaluated. Lymphoma cells were found in 18.1%, protein elevation (>45 mg/dL) in 65%, and CSF pleocytosis (>5/microL) in 36% of patients. Pleocytosis correlated...

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is extremely rare in immunocompetent children. We present the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) findings of such a case in a 14-year old immunocompetent boy. In this patient, PCNSL was associated with lymphomatosis cerebri. Familiarity with the findin...

An overview of the current approaches to the management of patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is provided. Although accumulating evidence demonstrates that PCNSL is a curable type of brain tumor, in many cases establishing the diagnosis and overcoming chemotherapeutic resistance remain significant obstacles. The issue of treatment-related neurotoxicity is also a centr...