I estimate two factor models of Swiss exchange rates during the First World War. I have data for five of the primary belligerents: Britain, France, Italy, Germany, and Austria-Hungary. At the outbreak of the war, these nations suspended convertibility of their currencies into gold with the promise that after the war each would restore convertibility at the old par. However, once convertibility ...

ROBERT BARANY FATHER OF OTONEUROLOGY ANd VESTIBULAR FUNCTIONS Robert Barany (1876-1936) received his MD degree from University of Vienna in 1900, having written his inaugural thesis on rhythmical nystagmus. He studied Internal medicine, psychology and neurology, from various centers in Germany. He was held prisoner of war during WW-I by Russian forces and released only at the end of the war. He...

NEFROLOGÍA BASADA EN LA EVIDENCIA T his statement was part of an essay by the Welsh Epi-demiologist, Archie Cochrane (1909-1988). Archibald Leman Cochrane was born in Scotland, studied at Cambridge and did his medical training at the University College Hospital in London. In 1936 he was part of the international brigade during the Spanish Civil war and in 1939 became a captain in the Royal Army...

Based on the 1991-1995 war experience of peoples of Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, I made twelve proposals regarding the following aspects of health, humanitarian work, and human rights: 1. Broadening of the WHO definition of health by including spiritual well-being (absence of hatred) in it, 2. Inclusion of the term genocide into the Index Medicus (MeSH), 3. Establishment of concepts of p...

We used actor-partner interdependence modeling to explore associations among attachment-related dyadic processes, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in war veterans, and secondary traumatic stress (STS) in their wives. A sample of 157 Israeli couples (85 former prisoners of war and their wives and a comparison group of 72 veterans not held captive and their wives) completed self-report scales...