A technique is presented in order to evaluate the probability of failure in analytical form instead of approximation methods like FORM/SORM and no series expansion is involved in this expression. This technique is based on the Finite Element Method to obtain the expression of the response of stochastic systems, and the transformation of random variables to obtain the probability density functio...

While second and higher order correlations of the light distribution have received extensive study, the lowest order probability distribution function (PDF) — the probability that a unit volume of space will emit a given amount of light — has received very little attention. We estimate this function with the aid of hydrodynamic simulations of the ΛCDM model, finding it significantly different f...

In this paper the receiver for demodulation of M-FSK signals in the presence of Gaussian noise, intersymbol interference and Rice fading will be considered. Probability density function (PDF) of M-ary FSK signals in the presence of noise, interference and fading will be derived. Key-words: M-ary Frequency Shift Keying, Probability Density Function, Gaussian noise, Intersymbol Interference, Rice...

In a cognitive radio network, the spectrum sensing must be done quickly and accurately to avoid primary interference and to achieve high throughput. Sensing a channel for a long reduces the throughput and increases the energy wastage. A probability density function (pdf) based adaptive sensing method is proposed in which either a pdf based spectrum sensing or a detailed cyclostationary approach...

Electrical Mechanical Systems for Command, Control, Communications. Essentially the area under the curve defined by the PDF of the PDF from t.The reduction of system reliability due to accumulated damage is quantitatively. THE reliability of a mechanical system may be defined as the.The estimation of reliability of mechanical systems under variable constraints. The probability density function ...

A continuous case of new density function called harmonic probability density function (HPDF) is structured using mathematical method. The mean and variance of this probability function is presented using both the definition and moment generating function. A discussion has started on many other connections that may exist between this new model and its applications in geometry, probability, and ...

In this letter, we propose a new approach to speech enhancement based on a complex Laplacian probability density function (pdf). With a use of a goodness-of-fit (GOF) test, we discover that the complex Laplacian pdf is more desirable to describe noisy speech distribution than the conventional Gaussian pdf for speech enhancement. The likelihood ratio (LR) is computed and then applied to computat...

In this paper, we consider the probability density function (pdf) of a non-central χ distribution with odd number of degrees of freedom ν. This pdf is represented in the literature as an infinite sum. Consequently, we present three alternative expressions to this pdf. The first expression is in terms of a partial derivative of the hyperbolic cosine function. The second expression, on the other ...

In this paper, we consider the probability density function (pdf) of a non-central χ distribution with odd number of degrees of freedom ν. This pdf is represented in the literature as an infinite sum. Consequently, we present three alternative expressions to this pdf. The first expression is in terms of a partial derivative of the hyperbolic cosine function. The second expression, on the other ...

We introduce and establish some properties of a generalized form of the beta function. Corresponding generalized incomplete beta functions are also defined. Moreover, we define a new probability density function (pdf) involving this new generalized beta function. Some basic functions associated with the pdf, such as moment generating function, mean residue function, and hazard rate function are...