We develop a theoretical methodology for estimating joint probability density functions from marginals by, transforming the set of random variables into another set of independent random variables is necessary. To test this theory in practice, we developed a software application which implemented a reduced form of this methodology, and worked well with several datasets. Finally, we discuss how ...

In this paper, we present a new method for the study of a discrete random variable whose probability distribution has a finite support. The approach is based on the introduction of a transform of the probability density function, named γ-transform, which better suits the finite nature of the random variable than the traditional probability generating function. In particular, in addition to the ...

EfProb is an abbreviation of Effectus Probability. It is the name of a library for probability calculations in Python. EfProb offers a uniform language for discrete, continuous and quantum probability. For each of these three cases, the basic ingredients of the language are states, predicates, and channels. Probabilities are typically calculated as validities of predicates in states. States can...

This paper introduces a new estimation method of Luby-Racko 's pseudorandomness and maximum average of di erential probability of block ciphers with SPN(Substitution and Permutation Network)structures like E2. In this paper, we analyze the pseudorandomness of the SPN-structure and E2-like transformations and show that this can be easily calculated by simple matrix calculation, and clarify that ...

In this paper we present the following definitions P-asymptotically equivalent probability of multiple L and P-asymptotically probability regular. In addition to these definitions we asked and provide answers for the following questions. (1) If x Probability ≈ y then what type of four dimensional matrices transformation will satisfy the following μ(Ax) Probability ≈ μ(Ay)? (2) If [x] and [y] ar...

Accurate sea-level rise (SLR) vulnerability assessments are essential in developing effective management strategies for coastal systems at risk. In this study, we evaluate the effect of combining vertical uncertainties in Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) elevation data, datum transformation and future SLR estimates on estimating potential land area and land cover loss, and whether including ...

The Price equation shows the unity between the fundamental expressions of change in biology, in information and entropy descriptions of populations, and in aspects of thermodynamics. The Price equation partitions the change in the average value of a metric between two populations. A population may be composed of organisms or particles or any members of a set to which we can assign probabilities...

Expert knowledge is an important source of input to risk analysis. In practice, experts might be reluctant to characterize their knowledge and the related (epistemic) uncertainty using precise probabilities. The theory of possibility allows for imprecision in probability assignments. The associated possibilistic representation of epistemic uncertainty can be combined with, and transformed into,...

Nonequilibrium stationary states of thermodynamic systems dissipate a positive amount of energy per unit of time. If we consider transformations of such states that are realized by letting the driving depend on time, the amount of energy dissipated in an unbounded time window then becomes infinite. Following the general proposal by Oono and Paniconi and using results of the macroscopic fluctuat...