the present study aims to investigate the relative effectiveness of different types of pragmatic instruction including two collaborative translation tasks and two structured input tasks with and without explicit pragmatic instruction on the production of apologetic utterances by low-intermediate efl learners. one hundred and fifty university students in four experimental groups and one control ...

The behaviour produced by an instruction sequence under execution is a behaviour to be controlled by some execution environment: each step performed actuates the processing of an instruction by the execution environment and a reply returned at completion of the processing determines how the behaviour proceeds. In this paper, we are concerned with the case where the processing takes place remote...

EPIC processor is one of the best ways to exploit the instruction level parallelism where multiple instructions are issued explicitly by the compiler. VLIW processor is the evolution of EPIC processing paradigm. Very Long Instruction Word (VLIW) is multi-issue processors that try to extract parallelism statically by the compiler .It execute a long instruction that consist of multiple operation....

Abstract The present study investigated the effects of processing instruction (PI) on acquisition accusative case markers in German, focusing whether PI influences learners’ online behaviors. Third and fourth semester L1 English-L2 German learners were divided into two groups: a traditional (TI) group group. Participants completed offline sentence interpretation production tasks, as well self-p...

In this paper, we propose a new instruction set for a network ASIP(Application Specific Instruction-set Processor). The new instruction set was designed for the packet processing engine on a network router. The network ASIP to accelerate the packet processing operation was built on a baseline ASIP, which is based on the general RISC structure. The new instruction set is divided into two groups....

The extensive use of reconfigurable computing devices has imposed a new category of processors, the dynamic instruction set processors (DISPs) that customize their instruction sets dynamically to the application needs. One of the major drawbacks of DISPs is the reconfiguration time needed to alter the instruction set, which is directly added to the program execution time discouraging the use of...

First and 2nd graders (N = 28?) receiving Title I services received 1 of 3 kinds of classroom reading programs: direct instruction in letter-sound correspondences practiced in decodable text (direct code); less direct instruction in systematic sound-spelling patterns embedded in connected text (embedded code); and implicit instruction in the alphabetic code while reading connected text (implici...