Australia's interactions with the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), henceforth known as North Korea, have ebbed and flowed throughout their seventy-five-year history. In times détente on Korean Peninsula, Australia actively engaged sought to facilitate its integration into international system. However, during recent in 2018–2019, Canberra broke tradition watched Trump, Moon, Kim ne...

Abstract For the last five decades, states parties to Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) have come together every 5 years at Review Conferences explore how they can advance Treaty’s goals, including pursuit of nuclear disarmament. Despite lengthy negotiations, failed reach a consensus final document as many times succeeded and even when has been agreed it contained few tangible gains for th...

www.physicstoday.org Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), and to stop nuclear terrorism. One issue concerns the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) for which the US Senate declined to give its advice and consent in 1999. Since then, the UN General Assembly has elected five times to support the CTBT, with a cumulative vote of 870 to 7 (5 negative votes for the US, 1...

T he United States carried out the world's fi rst nuclear test, codenamed " Trinity, " on 16 July 1945 in the desert of New Mexico. Just three weeks later, on 6 August, the US exploded a uranium device called " Little Boy " 2,000 feet above the Japanese city of Hiroshima, killing around 150,000 people. Three days later, the US deployed a second nuclear bomb, a plutonium device called " Fat Man,...

An inspection game is a mathematical model of a situation in which an inspector verifies the adherence of an inspectee to some legal obligation, such as an arms control treaty, where the inspectee may have an interest in violating that obligation. The mathematical analysis seeks to determine an optimal inspection scheme, ideally one which will induce legal behavior, under the assumption that th...

James Clay Moltz is Research Professor and Assistant Director of the Center for Nonproliferation Studies (CNS) at the Monterey Institute of International Studies. He also directs the Newly Independent States Nonproliferation Project at CNS. From 1993-98 (Vols. 1-5), Dr. Moltz was Editor of this journal. When the authors of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) crafted the...

Nuclear weapon states historically have attached great secrecy to their nuclear weapon and fissile material production programs and stockpiles, despite warnings that this would fuel fears, handicap informed debate and decision making, and drive arms races. As evidenced by the “Action Plan on Nuclear Disarmament” agreed upon at the 2010 Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) Re...

Soon after the second atomic bombing in 1945, hibakusha Nagasaki saw dawn of Cold War, along with Soviet Union’s possession bombs. The Cuban Missile Crisis 1962 created a real fear nuclear war capable destroying all humanity. Partial Test Ban Treaty 1963 and Nuclear Nonproliferation (NPT) 1968 were good sign hope. Intermediate-Range Forces Treaty, signed 1987, also succeeded reducing warheads 1...

ipg 4/2006 he us government’s plan to lift the nuclear embargo on India runs counter to global efforts against the proliferation of nuclear weapons. The acceptance of India into the circle of recognized nuclear weapon states would prove that universal and generally binding principles no longer form the basis of global non-proliferation efforts but rather that Western countries are increasingly ...