New-world primates such as the marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) show polymorphism for the middle- to long-wavelength sensitive cone pigments. Each X-chromosome carries a gene for only one of three possible pigments. All males are thus dichromats, but some females will be trichromats. We have investigated the responses of cells of the parvocellular (PC) and magnocellular (MC) systems within animals...

Abstract Principal component analysis (PCA) is a most frequently used statistical tool in almost all branches of data science. However, like many other tools, there sometimes the risk misuse or even abuse. In this paper, we highlight possible pitfalls using theoretical results PCA based on assumption independent when are time series. For latter, state with proof central limit theorem eigenvalue...

PURPOSE We investigated changing patterns of primary treatment in Korean men with prostate cancer (PC) and impact of sociodemographic factors on treatment choice from a nationwide cohort over 10 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a cohort study of a 2% nationwide random sample of Korean National Health Insurance. A total of 1,382 patients who had undergone active treatments for newly d...

Quality of surgical care of Canadian patients with pancreatic Introduction: cancer (PC) is inadequately known. Primary aim of this study was to analyze the quality of care received by patients who underwent resections of PC in Nova Scotia over a 10-year period (2001-2011). All patients with PC (n. 1094) were identified using provincial cancer Methods: registries and only adult patients with res...

Human research has shown that lesions of the parietal cortex disrupt spatial information processing, specifically topological information. Similar findings have been found in non-humans. It has been difficult to determine homologies between human and non-human mnemonic mechanisms for spatial information processing because methodologies and neuropathology differ. The first objective of the prese...

Previous research has demonstrated that conservative individuals (relative to liberal individuals) were less likely adhere COVID-19 guidelines (e.g., social distancing). We argue because adherence was largely characterized as “politically correct” behavior, opposed political correctness (PC) norms would follow less, controlling for conservatism and other relevant demographic variables. In two c...

To evaluate performance monitoring and error processing during lexical decision tasks, event-related potentials (ERPs) obtained by time-locked to correct and error responses were studied in 17 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients without dementia and 15 healthy elderly participants. The amplitude of error negativity (Ne) obtained by averages time-locked to error response was significantly reduced ...

Abstract From a new perspective, we reexamine self-gravity and turbulence jointly, in hopes of understanding the physical basis for one most important empirical relations governing clouds interstellar medium (ISM), Larson’s relation relating velocity dispersion ( σ R ) to cloud size ). We report on two key findings. First, correct form is <?CDATA ${\sigma }_{R}={\alpha }_{v}^{1/5}{\sigma }_{\ma...

We distribute 400 stars in N bin = 200 binary systems in clusters with initial half mass radii 0.077 ≤ R 0.5 ≤ 2.53 pc and follow the subsequent evolution of the stellar systems by direct N-body integration. The stellar masses are initially paired at random from the KTG(1.3) initial stellar mass function. The initial period distribution is flat ranging from 10 3 to 10 7.5 days, but we also perf...