Critical illness, trauma and burns are associated with profound metabolic abnormalities, of which protein catabolism, hyperglycemia and insulin resistance are hallmarks of these conditions. Increased protein breakdown and loss results in muscle wasting, weakness and diminished functioning. Interestingly, hyperglycemia and insulin resistance augment catabolic responses. Insulin, which is routine...

The purpose of the given work was to study the dairy efficiency of the delivered, local and crossbreed goats in three different generations (F1, F2 and F3), derived from their crosses, as well as the biochemical composition of milk and some bloodplasma hormones, participating in the process of lactopoez. For the biochemical tests of milk we have selected casein and serumproteins, iron in lactof...

GH and IGF-I have shown remarkable consistency of effect in a wide range of catabolic conditions. Doses of around 10 IU/m2/day of GH and 80 micrograms/kg/day of IGF-I over short periods of time can improve net protein synthesis and preserve lean body mass. Most studies have reported metabolic endpoints, but favorable clinical effects have included decreased hospital stay and mortality in burns,...

The rates of oxidation of arginine and ornithine that occurred through a reaction pathway involving the enzyme ornithine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.13) were determined using (14)C-labeled amino acids in the isolated nonrecirculating perfused rat liver. At physiological concentrations of these amino acids, their catabolism is subject to chronic regulation by the level of protein consumed in the ...

Vascular inflammation in atheroprone vessels propagates throughout the arterial tree in dyslipidemic patients, thereby accelerating atherosclerotic progression. To elucidate the mechanism of vascular inflammation, most previous studies have focused on inflammation-related signals that are sent in response to vasoactive stimuli. However, it is also important to understand how normal blood vessel...

For more than a decade the secretions of the adrenal cortex have been associated with the metabolism of protein. The work of Long and his collaborators clearly demonstrated that the administration of potent adrenal cortical extracts to experimental animals resulted in increased gluconeogenesis, associated with accentuated nitrogen excretion (l-3). This effect of the adrenal cortex on the catabo...

SUMMARY Accelerated albumin catabolism without a compensatory increase in anabolism leading to decreased serum albumin concentration in tumor-bearing animals was observed. Supplemental high-protein feedings augmented albumin synthesis, which resulted in a return of serum albumin to normal levels in tumor-bearing rats. Adrenalectomy abolished tumor-induced accelerated albumin catabolism.