This paper presents NavEx, an adaptive environment for accessing interactive programming examples. NavEx implements a specific kind of adaptive navigation support known as adaptive annotation. The classroom study of NavEx confirmed that adaptive navigation support can visibly increase student motivation to work with non-mandatory educational content. NavEx boosted the overall amount of work and...

In this article, we investigate the measurement of performance in DMUs in which input and/or output values are given as imprecise data. By imprecise data, we mean that in some cases, we only know that the actual values are inside certain intervals, and in other cases, data are specified only as ordinal preference information. In this article, we present two distinct perspectives for determining...

Various characterizations of distributions, in their generality, are presented in terms of the conditional expectations. Some special  examples are given as well.

Fuzzy linear programming problem occur in many elds such as mathematical modeling, Control theory and Management sciences, etc. In this paper we focus on a kind of Linear Programming with fuzzy numbers and variables namely Fully Fuzzy Linear Programming (FFLP) problem, in which the constraints are in inequality forms. Then a new method is proposed to ne the fuzzy solution for solving (FFLP). Nu...

The element-free Galerkin method is employed for two-dimensional analysis of steady-state heat transfer. The unknown response of the system, i.e. temperature is approximated using the moving least squares technique. Numerical integration of governing simultaneous system of equations is performed by Gauss quadrature and new modified nodal integration techniques. Numerical examples and tests have...

High material penetration by neutrons allows for experiments using sophisticated sample environments providing complex conditions. Thus, neutron imaging holds potential for performing in situ nondestructive measurements on large samples or even full technological systems, which are not possible with any other technique. This paper presents a new sample environment for in situ high resolution ne...

This paper describes the OpenURL Framework, both the original ‘de facto’ standard version 0.1, and the NISO standard Z39.88-2004, ‘The OpenURL Framework for Context-Sensitive Services’. The explanation is illustrated by examples from Zetoc, a journal article and conference paper current awareness service available in the UK. Various emerging novel uses of the OpenURL Framework are described. Ev...

This book is an essential tool for second-year undergraduate students and above, providing clear and concise explanations of the basic concepts of computer graphics, and Features provides an essential tool for surface problems are expected. Thoroughly revised and program examples at work via. You can be found on its server with extensive usage. Various techniques for this reader to code games t...

This paper describes how we extended the SIOC ontology to take into account particular aspects of wikis in order to enable integration capabilities between various wiki systems. In particular, we will overview the proposed extensions and detail a webservice providing SIOC data from any MediaWiki instance, as well as related query examples that show how different wikis, designed as independant d...

The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has been widely utilised for the study of developmental biology, which has lead to the evolution of sophisticated cellular and molecular approaches. More recently, the rapid progress of various zebrafish genomic infrastructure initiatives is facilitating the development of zebrafish models of human disease. This review aims to describe several representative examples...