A first analysis of caterpillars of Tineidae and their cases preserved in Eocene Baltic Amber is presented, and an ecological interpretation based on comparisons with extant Tineidae is given. Several informative syninclusions (e.g., mammal hairs, Psocoptera) of two of the cases suggest that the caterpillars of some Tineidae in the Baltic Amber forest occupied comparable ecological niches as th...