In a reading production experiment we investigate the impact of punctuation and discourse structure on the prosodic differentiation of right dislocation (RD) and afterthought (AT). Both discourse structure and punctuation are likely to affect the prosodic marking of these right-peripheral constructions, as certain prosodic markings are appropriate only in certain discourse structures, and punct...

The idea behind this technique is to utilize the presence of punctuation marks like , ; : “ etc. in the text for encoding a secret message. The secret message to be communicated will be hidden in any piece of text through binary encoding of punctuation marks. Two punctuation marks can be used to represent binary data or several punctuation marks can be used to represent binary combinations. The...

Punctuation helps us to structure, and thus to understand, texts. Many uses of punctuation straddle the line between syntax and discourse, because they serve to combine multiple propositions within a single orthographic sentence. They allow us to insert discourse-level relations at the level of a single sentence. Just as people make use of information from punctuation in processing what they re...

This paper presents a conditional random fields based labeling approach to Chinese punctuation prediction. To this end, we first reformulate Chinese punctuation prediction as a multiple-pass labeling task on a sequence of words, and then explore various features from three linguistic levels, namely words, phrase and functional chunks for punctuation prediction under the framework of conditional...

While speech recognition Word Error Rate (WER) has reached human parity for English, continuous scenarios such as voice typing and meeting transcriptions still suffer from segmentation punctuation problems, resulting irregular pausing patterns or slow speakers. Transformer sequence tagging models are effective at capturing long bi-directional context, which is crucial automatic punctuation. Aut...

3 Detailed Guidelines 8 3.1 Idioms and Near Idioms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.2 Referring Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.2.1 Pronouns and Definite Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.2.2 Resumptive Pronouns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

3 Detailed Guidelines 8 3.1 Idioms and Near Idioms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.2 Referring Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.2.1 Pronouns and Definite Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.2.2 Resumptive Pronouns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

This study aims to describe the use of spelling and punctuation errors that are high, medium, low in narrative essays associated with attitude responsibility fifth grade students SD Negeri 30 Pontianak Selatan. uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The data analysis technique Miles Huberman model which includes for stages, namely collection, reduction, presentation, drawing conclusions. resu...

We show how punctuation can be used to improve unsupervised dependency parsing. Our linguistic analysis confirms the strong connection between English punctuation and phrase boundaries in the Penn Treebank. However, approaches that naively include punctuation marks in the grammar (as if they were words) do not perform well with Klein and Manning’s Dependency Model with Valence (DMV). Instead, w...