Meta-language utterances, i.e. utterances about other utterances, are ubiquitous in every type of human discourse, from unconstrained multi-party conversations to task-oriented man-machine dialogues. Several examples of meta-language communication are analyzed, identifying the complexities that a cognitively plausible discourse model should address. Meta-language utterances are investigated in ...

The term navigation refers to the capability of a system to move autonomously in its environment, by using its own sensors. The more specific term visual navigation is used for the process of motion control based on the analysis of data gathered by visual sensors. The field of visual navigation is of particular importance mainly because of the rich perceptual input provided by vision. The probl...

as to where between the two poles of behaviorism and structuralism they will finally see their science find its place. It has become ever more evident that psychology after all is one; that structuralism has long since been at its most structuralistic, and that behaviorism, born more than full-grown, has been rapidly progressing from senescence toward a more normal adolescence. Thia is hopeful,...

Neural processes that direct an animal's actions toward environmental goals are critical elements for understanding behavior. The hypothalamus is closely associated with motivated behaviors required for survival and reproduction. Intense feeding, drinking, aggressive, and sexual behaviors can be produced by a simple neuronal stimulus applied to discrete hypothalamic regions. What can these "evo...

We present an approach for recovering surface shape from the occluding contour using an active (i.e., moving) observer. It is based on a relation between the geometries of a surface in a scene and its occluding contour: If the viewing direction of the observer is along a principal direction for a surface point whose projection is on the contour , surface shape (i.e., curvature) at the surface p...

For studying the mechanism of the brain, so called “synthetic approach” is effective. Synthetic approach is to conjecture the mechanism of the target through constructing its model. We have constructed some twenty models of the brain for this study. In this article, we describe one of them which we constructed recently. The model includes abilities of perception, memory, and action. To have the...

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