While acute pyelonephritis is known to elicit an antibody response, it is also known that a patient who has had pyelonephritis once is susceptible to recurrent renal infection. Using our experimental model of pyelonephritis in the monkey, we tested whether antibiotic therapy of the acute disease would affect the antibody response. We found that it did, because antibiotic therapy beginning 72 h ...

It is increasingly recognized that many problems concerning the aetiology, recognition and natural history of urinary tract infections are still unresolved, and this is particularly true of such infections in infancy. There is, for example, no general agreement about their incidence in the first months of life: Stansfeld (1954) has pointed out that pyelonephritis occurs more frequently in the f...

Issues related to asymptomatic bacteriuria and cystitis in other circumstances, and the indications for placement, methods of catheterization, and management and complications of bladder catheters are discussed separately. (See "Approach to the adult with asymptomatic bacteriuria" and "Acute uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis in women" and "Acute uncomplicated cystitis, pyelonephritis, a...

BACKGROUND Urinary tract infection is the most common infectious disease requiring hospitalisation following renal transplantation. However, the risk and outcome of post-transplant pyelonephritis remains unclear. METHODS This population-based cohort study was conducted from 1 January 1990 to 31 December 2009. Each member of a Danish population-based, nationwide cohort of first-time renal tran...

We present a new preclinical model to study treatment, resolution and sequelae of severe ascending pyelonephritis. Urinary tract infection (UTI), primarily caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), is a common disease in children. Severe pyelonephritis is the primary cause of acquired renal scarring in childhood, which may eventually lead to hypertension and chronic kidney disease in a s...

Keane and Freedman (1) demonstrated that diuresis produced by feeding 5% glucose rendered mice susceptible to acute ascending pyelonephritis with Escherichia coli. We reported the use of this model in therapeutic studies of E. coli (2) and Proteus mirabilis (3) pyelonephritis. The present investigation, a bacteriologic, immunologic, and pathologic study of long-term infection with E. coli shows...

Received April 2007 Accepted August 2007 INTRODUCTION Emphysematous pyelonephritis is an uncommon and severe acute bacterial infection of the kidney. Diagnosis is usually made very late due to changing manifestations and infrequent occurrence. On the other hand, xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a rare severe renal infection which typically results in diffused destruction of the kidney in a...

OBJECTIVE Human pregnancy is characterized by activation of the innate immune response and suppression of adaptive immunity. The former is thought to provide protection against infection for the mother, and the latter, tolerance against paternal antigens expressed in fetal cells. Acute pyelonephritis is associated with an increased risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome and sepsis in pregn...