Pyrethroid resistance has been viewed as a very serious threat to the future of malaria vector control1. However, recently two contrasting outcomes have been reported where resistance has been reported in Anopheles malaria vectors. In West Africa a high frequency of the kdr gene in Anopheles gambiae has not prevented good results with pyrethroid treated bednets in laboratory simulations2, in ex...

J. Agric. Entomol. l(}(3):197-203 (July 1993) ABSTRACT Based on data from apple trees without the presence of any predatory mites, the effect of the pyrethroid lambdacyhalothrin on population density of the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, is reported. Results show that significantly (P < 0.05) higher numbers of T. urticae were found in pyrethroid·treatcd trees relative to the ...

BACKGROUND Pyrethroids are potentially harmful to living organisms and ecosystems. Thus, concerns have been raised about pyrethroid residues and their persistence in agricultural products. To date, although several pyrethroid-hydrolyzing enzymes have been cloned, very few reports are available on pyrethroid-hydrolyzing enzymes with cold adaptation, high hydrolytic activity and good reusability,...

Alpha-cypermethrin (?-CP) a synthetic pyrethroid (type-II) insecticide, dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO-1ml) given consecutive daily orally for 60 days at 1/10LD50 (14.5mg/kg). The animals were sacrificed on day 61st. Biochemicals, cytochromeP450, b5 contents in liver along with antioxidant status, tissue residual concentration, and brain GABA level were studied. It increased the serum am...

and Implications Commercial pyrethroid pour-ons are commonly applied in cow-calf operations to eliminate the potential for insect borne diseases and to improve productivity. However, recent literature has focused on potential negative reproductive effects in the bull after exposure to pyrethroids. While the female bovine has been primarily neglected from the debated pyrethroid concern on reprod...

Due to extensive use, human exposure to multiple pyrethroid insecticides occurs frequently. Studies of pyrethroid neurotoxicity suggest a common mode of toxicity and that pyrethroids should be considered cumulatively to model risk. The objective of this work was to use a pyrethroid mixture that reflects human exposure to common pyrethroids to develop comparative toxicokinetic profiles in rats, ...

BACKGROUND The effectiveness of insecticide treated nets is under threat across Africa south of the Sahara from the selection of pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes. To maintain progress against malaria it is necessary to identify alternative residual insecticides for mosquito nets. Mixtures of pyrethroid and insecticides with novel mode of action provide scope for both improv...

background: human malaria remains a major malady in eastern iran. vector control interventions such as indoor residual spraying are used to fight with the disease. this study was undertaken to determine the lethal and residual effects of three different pyrethroid insecticides on adult mosquitoes of anopheles stephensi on different surfaces in iran, as part of a national program to monitor inse...

Activation and inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels are critical for proper electrical signaling in excitable cells. Pyrethroid insecticides promote activation and inhibit inactivation of sodium channels, resulting in prolonged opening of sodium channels. They preferably bind to the open state of the sodium channel by interacting with two distinct receptor sites, pyrethroid receptor si...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES A field trial was carried out in cookhouses in an urban area to evaluate the efficacy of synthetic pyrethroid (0.02% deltamethrin + 0.13% allethrin) and propoxur aerosols (2%) in the control of German cockroaches (Blatella germanica). METHODS A total of six cookhouses were selected by simple random sampling method (two each for the two insecticide treatments and two ...