The dose limiting toxicities of Ionizing Radiation (IR) in radiosensitive normal tissues, such as bone marrow, intestine, and skin, precludes the delivery of curative or effective palliative doses of radiation in many cases. Despite of the intense research effort in the past to find new effective and well-tolerated radioprotectors, only one drug has been approved by FDA for this indication. One...

PURPOSE An unbiased approach of drug discovery through high-throughput screening (HTS) of libraries of chemically defined and bioactive small molecule compounds was used to identify modulators of radiation injury with an emphasis on radioprotectors and mitigators rather than radiosensitisers. Assay system endpoints included radiation-induced genotoxicity and DNA damage in yeast and apoptosis in...

Radioprotective effects of amifostine and melatonin as well as their ability to modulate the level of spontaneous and gamma-irradiation-induced genetic changes on human peripheral blood lymphocytes were investigated using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay and sister chromatid exchange (SCE). Parallel blood samples were pre-treated with amifostine, melatonin and their combination f...

The ionizing radiations have great impact on living cells and damage caused is owing to the multitude of ultra-fast physical and chemical reactions initiated by radiations. Irradiation of a biological system or exposure to radiation causes catastrophic damage. The ionizing radiations initiate free radical generation which causes damage to lipid membranes of the cell and cell organelles, induces...

The development of radioprotective agents has been a subject of intense research in view of their potential for use within a radiation environment, such as space exploration, radiotherapy and even nuclear war. Since no ideal, safe synthetic radioprotectors are available to date, the search for alternative sources, including plants, has been on-going for several decades. In the Traditional India...

Radiation has been considered an enigma to the general public and the use of radiation for therapeutic and other uses has always been associated with some skepticism. Presently, ionizing radiation is being used in a large number of therapeutic, industrial and other applications apart from for the generation of nuclear power, developing new varieties of high-yielding crops and enhancing storage ...

radiation damage is to a large extent caused by overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ros). radioprotectors are agents or substances that reduce the effects of radiation in healthy normal tissues while maintaining the sensitivity to radiation damage in tumor cells. radioprotectors are agents or substances that reduce the effects of radiation in healthy normal tissues while maintaining the ...