BACKGROUND Radium-223 dichloride, or radium-223, is a first-in-class alpha emitter that selectively targets bone metastases with high-energy, short-range alpha particles and is approved for the treatment of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), symptomatic bone metastases, and no known visceral metastatic disease. Nurses are essential in educating patients about radium-223....

Four isotopes of radium with different half-lives exist in nature. In aquatic systems, radium isotopes present distinct characteristics in salt water and fresh water environments. In fresh waters, radium appears adsorbed to particulate material while in sea water radium presents a conservative behavior, being the concentration of different isotopes of radium governed by the processes of dilutio...

BACKGROUND Radium-223 dichloride (radium-223), an alpha emitter, selectively targets bone metastases with alpha particles. We assessed the efficacy and safety of radium-223 as compared with placebo, in addition to the best standard of care, in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer and bone metastases. METHODS In our phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, we rando...

Introduction: This study was conducted to measure the gamma emitters (e.g., uranium-238 [238U], thorium-232 [232Th], and potassium-40[40K]) and alpha emitters (e.g., radon-222 [222Rn] and radium), and also to evaluate the radiation hazard indices of radionuclides in parenteral nutrition samples utilized in the hospitals of Iraq. Material and Methods: The measurements were accomplished using ga...

The radionuclide activities of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K and radiological parameters (radium equivalent activity, gamma and alpha indices, the absorbed gamma dose rate and external and internal hazard indices) of cements and cement composites commonly used in the Slovak Republic have been studied in this paper. The cement samples of 8 types of cements from Slovak cement plants and five types of comp...

Eleven soil samples from the new campus of Taif University and its neighboring areas, Saudi Arabia have been studied by high-resolution γ-ray spectroscopy, x-ray powder diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy to ascertain their overall characterization. The mean and range of the activity concentrations of 232 Th, 234 Th, 226 Ra, 40 K and 137 Cs isotopes in the soil samples are 1.68±0.2 (8.3 40.2...

In the present paper, an investigation on natural and anthropic radioactivity heavy metals content in a basalt aggregate for concrete from Sicily, Southern Italy, was performed as case study. particular, evaluation of specific activity radium-226, thorium-232, potassium-40 caesium-137 radionuclides by using High-Purity Germanium (HPGe) γ-ray spectrometry, together with estimation several indexe...

In the present investigation, soil samples were collected from 10 villages belonging to Pathankot district, Punjab, India and assessed for radium content using LR-115 plastic detector. The ‘track etch’ technique has been employed for measuring the radium content. From the radium content, radon exhalation rates and mass exhalation rates were calculated for these samples. The mass exhalation rate...

BACKGROUND Bone metastases are associated with increased morbidity and poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. Radium-223 dichloride is a calcium mimetic that localizes to bone, providing targeted therapy for skeletal metastasis. METHODS We investigated the mode of action of radium-223 dichloride using breast cancer cell, osteoclast, and osteoblast cultures as well as a mouse model of breas...

BACKGROUND The treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer has changed with the introduction of radium-223, cabazitaxel, abiraterone and enzalutamide. To assess value for money, their cost effectiveness in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer previously treated with docetaxel from the Dutch societal perspective was investigated. METHODS A cost-effecti...