During the monsoon season, the spatiotemporal variability of rainfall impacts the growth of vegetation in the Sahel. This study evaluates this effect for the Ferlo basin in central northern Senegal. Relationships between rainfall, soil moisture (SM), and vegetation are assessed using remote sensing data (TRMM3B42 and RFE 2.0 for rainfall, ESA-CCI.SM for soil moisture and MODIS Leaf Area Index (...

Tropical cyclogenesis is attributed to an equatorial wave when the filtered rainfall anomaly exceeds a threshold value at the genesis location. It is argued that 0 mm day (simply requiring a positive anomaly) is too small a threshold because unrelated noise can produce a positive anomaly. A threshold of 6 mm day is too large because two-thirds of storms would have no precursor disturbance. Betw...

This work is a case study for the Hydrographic Region of Médio Paraíba do Sul located in State Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), which has natural disasters, such as floods, most recurrent. Due to social, economic and environmental impacts that these disasters cause, this research aim analyze history alerts issued by Flood Warning System (FWS) assess its efficiency. Through retro-analysis Alert Trigger ...

While the overall summer rainfall–sea surface temperature (SST) relationship has a negative correlation over the western North Pacific (WNP), this relationship experiences a significant interannual variation. During the ENSO-developing (decaying) summer, the rainfall–SST correlation is significantly positive (negative). The positive correlation is attributed to interplay between the anomalous W...

Catchments that do not behave the way the hydrologist expects, expose the frailties of hydrological science, particularly its unduly simplistic treatment of input and model uncertainty. A conceptual rainfall– runoff model represents a highly simplified hypothesis of the transformation of rainfall into runoff. Sub-grid variability and mis-specification of processes introduce an irreducible model...

In this thesis, we have developed several zonally-symmetric models with explicit hydrological cycles to investigate important physical processes involving "monsoon-like" circulations, based on the assumption that actual monsoons can be simplified as twodimensional thermally-direct circulations. First, we examine the response of moist zonally-symmetric atmospheres to specified subtropical surfac...

Understanding Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) infection dynamics in wildlife is crucial because of possible virus spill over to livestock and humans. Studies from the northern hemisphere have suggested several ecological and environmental drivers of AIV prevalence in wild birds. To determine if the same drivers apply in the southern hemisphere, where more irregular environmental conditions prevail,...

this study investigates the contributions of atlantic ocean to june-august rainfall over uganda and western kenya (ku). the study has utilized the datasets including precipitation from the global precipitation climatology centre, north atlantic oscillation index (naoi), south atlantic ocean dipole index (saodi), era-interim reanalysis, and the atlantic ocean sea surface temperature (sst). singu...

introduction drought is a climatic hazard that occurs in the vast areas throughout the world. it causes physical suffering, economic losses, and environmental instability. drought is a slowly developing very which is phenomenon, and it is very difficult to determine when a dry spell becomes a drought or when a severe drought becomes an exceptional drought. it is usually starting with less drama...