thunderstorms are regarded not only as a significant weather event but also as a key element in water and electricity cycles of the atmosphere. generally, researchers consider the intense weather instability as a result of convection in lower levels of the atmosphere with high levels enough of humidity. usually statistic instability, the humidity of lower levels of the atmosphere and lifting me...

thunderstorm is one of the most dangerous phenomena in aviation because the greatest number weather hazards such as icing, turbulence, wind shear, lightning hail are combined in one single source, the thunderstorm. spatial characteristics of thunderstorms which can be associated with irreparable outcomes are known by most of the forecasters. tornadoes, microbursts, very strong winds and flash f...

1. introduction thunderstorms or lightning storms are kinds of storms that generally are associated with the convective clouds and usually are resulted in hailing, strong winds, and flash floods. clouds of convective storms are observed in most regions, but a small percentage of the convective storms can produce severe weather conditions and flash floods that cause damages. a flash flood is a d...