complex heat transfer phenomena (including unsteady state conduction, convection and solidification processes) occur in steel belt conveyer sulfur granulating method. numerical simulation of this technique is performed via a comprehensive and multifaceted one dimensional model. since the air situated between the adjacent sulfur pastilles is essentially stagnant, therefore, the surface temperatu...

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Unsteady water flows are common in nature, yet the swimming performance of fishes is typically evaluated at constant, steady speeds in the laboratory. We examined how cyclic changes in water flow velocity affect the swimming performance and energetics of a labriform swimmer, the shiner surfperch, Cymatogaster aggregata, during station holding. Using intermittent-flow respirometry, we measured c...

a two dimensional finite difference lattice boltzmann method (fdlbm) for computing single phase flow problems is developed here. temporal term is discretized with low dissipation-low dispersion. discretization of convective term is implemented with third order upwind method. it will be explained governing equations and numerical method. methodology of imposing boundary conditions in fdlbm is de...

Today, Flapping Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAV) are used in many different applications. Reynolds Number for this kind of aerial vehicle is about 104 ~ 105 which shows dominancy of inertial effects in comparison of viscous effects in flow field except adjacent of the solid boundaries. Due to periodic flapping stroke, fluid flow is unsteady. In addition, these creatures have some complexities in kin...

The Wujiang River is a tributary of the upper Yangtze River that shows great variations in its flow regime and habitat condition. Dams have been built along the Wujiang River and have altered the habitats profoundly enough that they may give rise to reproductive isolation. To test whether the swimming performance and morphology of the Chinese hook snout carp (Opsariichthys bidens), varied among...

evaluating drainage systems, exploring their strengths and weaknesses, provides a comprehensive perspective to designers and organizers for optimum design and implementation of guidelines for the future. this study was conducted at an experimental site consisting of three plots on a subsurface drainage network under operation in behshahr, a coastal region in northern iran. to evaluate system pe...

abstract for investigating the effect of bed form in alluvial channels on the amount of bed load transport, a set of experiments was carried out in a tilting flume under unsteady flow conditions (hydrograph). the produced hydrographs were in triangular form with a maximum discharge of 30 to 45 lit/s/m. three size of sediment particles were used with equal to 1.5, 2.1 and 3.0mm, clear water with...

We report experimental and theoretical results on how a fluid (homogeneous or continuously stratified) is spun up in closed, semicircular cylinder. Experiments were performed for Rossby numbers $Ro=0.02$ , 0.2 1 (the latter corresponding to the limiting case of spin-up from rest), with Ekman number $E=O({10^{-5}})$ Burger ( $S$ ) varied between 0 10. There are two key processes: pumping that dr...