HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau...

High-quality In0.53Ga0.47As epilayers have been grown on semi-insulating ~100! Fe-doped InP substrates. The growths were performed by liquid phase epitaxy ~LPE! using rare-earth-doped melts in a graphite boat. The rare-earth elements studied were Yb, Gd and Er which act as gettering agents of impurities. Hall measurements show an elevated electron mobility for rare-earth-treated samples over un...

Rare earth (RE) magnets have become virtually indispensible in a wide variety of industries such as aerospace, automotive, electronics, medical, and military. RE elements are essential ingredients in these high performance magnets based on intermetallic compounds RECo5, RE2TM17 (TM: transition metal), and RE2TM14B. Rare earth magnets are known for their superior magnetic properties—high inducti...

Rare-earth elements (REEs) are a group of metallic chemical that share some properties and despite their name not too rare in the Earth’s crust. Until recently, we did know any REEs were necessary for living organism. Now there bacteria use to perform reactions let them consume alcohol. Humans also interested because these valuable many technological applications. In this article, will explain ...

The Olang area is a part of Gheshlagh-Olang synclinal, which is a member of eastern Alborz coal basin and is situated at a distance of70 km northeast of Shahroud city. Coal-bearing strata of this region are part of the Shemshak group (Upper Triassic to Lower Jurassic).Samples from the 9 coal seams of the Olang coal deposits were collected and ashed. The aim of this study is to determine theoccu...

The availability of rare earth elements from primary resources has come into question in the last two decades. This has sparked various government and industry initiatives to examine potential rare earth element resources apart from virgin ore bodies. Geothermal fluids are potentially significant sources of valuable minerals and metals, while co-recovery with geothermal energy production would ...