This paper gives an overview of the existing wireless network standards with their main usage, used frequency band, modulation, transfer speed as well as features and limitations. The main focus on this paper is an assistance to choose the best fitting protocol for an application. Therefore some typical scenarios for applications are described and after a preselection based on the main usage, t...

In bargaining environments with uncertain impasse outcomes (e.g., litigation or labor strike outcomes), there is an identification problem that confounds data interpretation. In such environments, the minimally acceptable settlement value from a risk-averse (risk-loving) but unbiased bargainer is empirically indistinguishable from what one could get with risk-neutrality and pessimism (optimism)...

Central among the questions explored in biology are those that seek to understand the timing and rates of evolutionary processes. Accurate estimates of species divergence times are vital to understanding historical biogeography, estimating diversification rates, and identifying the causes of variation in rates of molecular evolution. This tutorial will provide a general overview of divergence t...

The effects of unnatural disturbances on the behaviour and energetics of animals are an important issue for conservation and commercial animal production. Biologging enables estimation of the energy costs of these disturbances, but not specifically the effect these costs have on growth; a key outcome measure for animal farming enterprises. We looked at how natural and anthropogenically induced ...

Data transfer is an indispensable step that is widely involved in the maintenance and processing of Cloud data. Due to rapid growth in Cloud data, methods of reducing the huge energy consumption of data transfer in the Cloud have become a challenge. In this paper, we propose a novel energy-efficient data transfer strategy called LRCDT (Link Rate Controlled Data Transfer). By scheduling bandwidt...

conclusions it is essential to identify people with psoriasis. another important point is to inform patients of the causes of this disease to decrease the risk of recurrence. in addition, it is recommended to educate patients about reduction or cessation of smoking as a part of psoriasis treatment. results the results of this study indicated that infection, stress, family history, blood calcium...

Searching for documents by their type or genre is a natural way to enhance the eeectiveness of document retrieval. The layout of a document contains a signiicant amount of information that can be used to classify a document's type in the absence of domain speciic models. A document type or genre can be deened by the user based primarily on layout structure. Our classiication approach is based o...

The effect of trophic exposure to pyrolitic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) on aerobic metabolism of zebrafish Danio rerio was investigated. There were no significant differences in standard metabolic rate (SMR), active metabolic rate (AMR) or aerobic metabolic scope (AS) at any sublethal concentration of PAH in the diet of adult or juvenile fish. This suggests that under these experimen...

The current study simulated cross-country skiing on varying terrain by using a power balance model. By applying the hypothetical inductive deductive method, we compared the simulated position along the track with actual skiing on snow, and calculated the theoretical effect of friction and air drag on skiing performance. As input values in the model, air drag and friction were estimated from the...

Although it is well established that during periods of torpor heterothermic mammals and birds can reduce metabolic rates (MR) substantially, the mechanisms causing the reduction of MR remain a controversial subject. The comparative analysis provided here suggests that MR reduction depends on patterns of torpor used, the state of torpor, and body mass. Daily heterotherms, which are species that ...