The Linac Coherent Light Source is an x-ray freeelectron laser at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, which is operating at x-ray wavelengths of 20-1.2 Angstrom with peak brightness nearly ten orders of magnitude beyond conventional synchrotron radiation sources. At the low charge operation mode (20 pC), the xray pulse length can be <10 fs. In this paper we report our numerical optimizati...

-A mixed-layer kaolinite/smectite (K/S) containing trace amounts of quartz, discrete kaolinite, goethite-hematite, and calcite was hydrothermally reacted with deionized water at 150", 200", and 250"C for 1 to 12 months. The starting K/S contained 50% smectite consisting of 15~ low-charge and 350 high-charge layers. The X-ray powder diffraction and chemical analyses of the reacted products indic...

PURPOSE Hand-held dental x-ray system is a self contained x-ray machine designed to perform intraoral radiography with one or two hands. The issue about its usage as general dental radiography is still in dispute. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between the amount of battery charge and the tube voltage in different hand-held dental x-ray systems. MATERIALS AND METH...

We present a two-component gasdynamic model of an interstellar cloud embedded in a hot plasma. It is assumed that the cloud consists of atomic hydrogen gas, interstellar plasma is quasineutral. Hydrogen atoms and plasma protons interact through a charge exchange process. Magnetic fields and radiative processes are ignored in the model. The influence of heat conduction within plasma on the inter...

We show that with 2p3d resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) we can accurately determine the charge-transfer parameters of CoF2, CoCl2, CoBr2, and CoS. The 160 meV resolution RIXS results are compared with charge-transfer multiplet calculations. The improved resolution and the direct observation of the crystal field and charge-transfer excitations allow the determination of more accurate p...