In this paper a useful formulation for the multivariate Rayleigh probability density function (pdf) with an exponential form for its correlation matrix is presented. Furthermore, the corresponding multivariate Rayleigh cumulative distribution function (cdf) is derived in a nested infinite series representation, which converges rapidly and can be efficiently used in many wireless applications wi...

natural convective heat transfer of nano-fluid in porous media is present in many advanced engineering applications. in this work, this problem has been computationally simulated, using lbm. the configuration used includes a cold exterior region and hot interior cylinders with one-, two-, or three-cylinder arrangements. however, the effective area for heat transfer has been kept the same for al...

A two parameter generalization of the Inverse Rayleigh distribution capable of modeling bathtub hazard rate function is defined and studied with application to reliability data. A comprehensive account of the mathematical properties of the modified Inverse Rayleigh distribution including estimation and simulation with its reliability behavior are discussed. An application is presented to illust...

1.0 Rayleigh Distribution Using central limit theorem arguments, one can show that the I and Q channels on a mobile radio multipath fading channel are independent Gaussian (normal) random variables. Jakes [1] and others show that the envelope of two independent and identically distributed (iid) Gaussian random variables is Rayleigh distributed.1 Probability Density Function (pdf) (usual form fo...

in this paper, the effect of the brownian term in natural convection of cuo-water nanofluid inside a partially filled porous cavity, with internal heat generation has been studied. it is assumed that the viscosity and thermal conductivity of nanofluid consists of a static part and a brownian part of which is a function of temperature and the volume fraction of nanofluid. because of internal hea...

This paper extends a recently proposed space-time model for Rayleigh fading to include an arbitrary transmit antenna configuration of any shape and size transmitting simultaneously in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel. The space-time correlation function and space-frequency cross spectrum function for a non-isotropic scatterer distribution around the receiver is derived for the ar...

New bounds on the probability of bit error are presented for a coded communication system with binary antipodal modulation and soft-decision maximum-likelihood decoding over a correlated Rayleigh-fading channel. The bounds are closed-form expressions in terms of the code’s transfer function; they are illustrated by considering a system using convolutional encoding. A long-standing conjecture re...

Because of the significantly-increasing work-function variation (WFV) in high-k/metal-gate technology in sub-30-nm nodes, a simple but reasonable model for quantitatively estimating the WFV is currently required. In this study, a Monte Carlo simulation for statistically generating the grain sizes following two different probability distributions (ie Gaussian and Rayleigh distributions) is su...