a b s t r a c t introduction: diabetes mellitus is accompanied with disturbances in learning, memory, and cognitive skills in the human society and experimental animals. due to anti-diabetic and antioxidant activity of rumex patientia (rp), this research study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of chronic rumex patientia feeding on alleviation of learning and memory disturbance in streptozo...

The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) comprises an important component in the neural circuitry underlying drug-related associative learning and memory processing. Neuronal activation within mPFC circuits is correlated with the recall of opiate-related drug-taking experiences in both humans and other animals. Using an unbiased associative place conditioning procedure, we recorded mPFC neuronal pop...

Hippocampal activation is required for episodic memory. Encoding and retrieval of novel and memorable items have been related to different locations in the hippocampus; however, the data remain ambiguous. The application of a newly designed keyboard allowed investigation of brain activation during encoding and free immediate and delayed recall with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) i...

BACKGROUND Several studies have reported that short-term recall measures of physical activity participation have acceptable repeatability, but in most cases employed convenience samples and did not use optimal statistics. In this Australian study repeatability was assessed on participants recall of activity over two different time periods and over the same time period. METHODS Two 14-day reca...

The distinction between intrinsic and extrinsic goals, and between goal pursuit for intrinsically and extrinsically motivated reasons, is a central premise of self-determination theory. Proponents of the theory have proposed that the pursuit of intrinsic goals and intrinsically motivated goal striving each predict adaptive psychological and behavioral outcomes relative to the pursuit of extrins...

Previous fMRI studies in English-speaking samples suggested that specific interventions may alter brain function in language-relevant networks in children with reading and spelling difficulties, but this research strongly focused on reading impaired individuals. Only few studies so far investigated characteristics of brain activation associated with poor spelling ability and whether a specific ...