An enclosure is a two-sided approximation of a unior multivariate function by a pair of typically simpler functions such that over the domain of interest. Enclosures are optimized by minimizing the width and refined by enlarging the space . This paper develops a framework for efficiently computing enclosures for multivariate polynomials and, in particular, derives piecewise bilinear enclosures ...

One of the important parameters that dictate the effectiveness of ventilation system is air change rate. The air change rate provides overall effectiveness of ventilation in an enclosed space and it needs to be examined with age of air particles to decide about overall effectiveness. Age of air particles is the time air at a location spends inside the enclosure and hence provides useful informa...

Heat transfer and fluid flow due to buoyancy forces in a partially heated enclosure using nanofluids is carried out using different types of nanoparticles. The flush mounted heater is located to the left vertical wall with a finite length. The temperature of the right vertical wall is lower than that of heater while other walls are insulated. The finite volume technique is used to solve the gov...

An analytical formulation has been developed to evaluate the shielding effectiveness (SE) of two coplanar rectangular metallic enclosures with a circular aperture excited by an internal electric dipole source. The formulation consists of three parts: First, the near-field electromagnetic interference (EMI) of the electromagnetic leakage from the aperture is represented by the electric dipole in...

Results of measurement and modelling of pollutant gases inside and outside 11 enclosures used to protect exhibited objects in 10 European museums are presented. Monthly average values for ozone, nitrogen dioxide, formic and acetic acid, temperature and relative humidity inside the enclosures, and yearly average values for the pollutants inside and outside the enclosures are presented for each e...

The effects of nutrients and planktivory on the accumulation of hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) in aquatic food chains were investigated in large lake enclosures. Food-chain compositions in the enclosures were manipulated by additions of planktivorous fish (+F), nutrients (+N), both nutrients and fish (+NF), or received no additions (-NF). The treatments resulted in higher plankton but ...

The article describes a complete numerical solution of a recently formulated benchmark problem devoted to the parametric study of Rayleigh–Bénard instability in rectangular twoand three-dimensional boxes. The solution is carried out by the spectral Galerkin method with globally defined, three-dimensional, divergent-free basis functions, which satisfy all boundary conditions. The general descrip...