We investigate the in ̄uence of magnetic mirroring and elastic and inelastic scattering on the angular redistribution in a proton/hydrogen beam by using a transport code in comparison with observations. H-emission Doppler pro®les viewed in the magnetic zenith exhibit a red-shifted component which is indicative of upward ̄uxes. In order to determine the origin of this red shift, we evaluate the i...

Claus Buschmann* and Hartmut K. Lichtenthaler Botanisches Institut II, Universität Karlsruhe, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Fax: +49 721 608 4874. E-mail: [email protected] * Author for correspondence and reprint requests Z. Naturforsch. 54c, 849-855 (1999), received May 20, 1999 Chlorophyll Fluorescence, Red Edge of Reflectance, Remote Sensing, Spectroscopic Techniques, St...

The surface plasmon in simple metal clusters is red-shifted from the Mie frequency, the energy shift being significantly larger than the usual spill-out correction. Here we develop a variational approach to the RPA collective excitations. Using a simple trial form, we obtain analytic expressions for the energy shift beyond the spill-out contribution. We find that the additional red shift is pro...