Of the eight known nickel enzymes, all but glyoxylase I catalyze the use and/or production of gases central to the global carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen cycles. Nickel appears to have been selected for its plasticity in coordination and redox chemistry and is able to cycle through three redox states (1+, 2+, 3+) and to catalyze reactions spanning approximately 1.5 V. This minireview focuses on th...

This review summarizes the history and most recent advances in aptamers and ribozymes that bind and use redox(reduction–oxidation) cofactors. Redox reactions, catalyzed by protein enzymes in an extant world, play a central role in the metabolism of numerous biological molecules in the living organisms. The burden of catalyzing these reactions in a preprotein-based world (i.e., the hypothesized ...

Ni6(N2H4)6(SO4)4(OH)2(H2O)8](SO4)(H2O)10 complex was prepared according to literature report. The reaction between aforementioned complex via sodium alkoxides as a reactants, were carried out in the solid state. The [Ni6(N2H4)6(SO4)4(OH)2(H2O)8](SO4)(H2O)10 undergoes an intramolecular two electrons oxidation-reduction reaction at room temperature and metallic nickel nanoparticles (Ni1-Ni5) was ...

Polynuclear transition metal complexes, which are embedded in the active sites of many metalloenzymes, are responsible for effecting a diverse array of oxidation reactions in nature. The range of chemical transformations remains unparalleled in the laboratory. With few noteworthy exceptions, chemists have primarily focused on mononuclear transition metal complexes in developing homogeneous cata...

Copper (II) is a biologically active essential ion and it forms the active centers in several metalloenzymes and proteins. Its chelating ability and positive redox potential allow participation in biological transport reactions. The copper atom transforms between the Cu(I) and Cu(II) oxidation states in redox reactions involving copper containing enzymes. This is an essential factor for many of...

The behavior of neptunium in the ionic liquid betaine bistriflimide, [Hbet][Tf2N], has been studied spectroscopically at room temperature and 60 °C for the first time. An unprecedented complex redox chemistry is observed, with up to three oxidation states (iv, v and vi) and up to six Np species existing simultaneously. Both redox reactions and coordination of betaine are observed for Np(iv), (v...

We demonstrated the memory effect of redox proteins in organic field-effect transistor (OFET) flash memory devices. Redox proteins include a heme structure, which has reversible redox reactions. These properties of the proteins could be successfully applied to the flash memory devices, which show a considerable memory window (~11 V) and relatively good endurance properties (~over 100 cycles).