Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a widely used therapeutic option of drug-refractory psychiatric disorders. ECT treats symptoms by inducing brief controlled seizures through electrical stimulation, but does not generally cause prolonged or epilepsy. However, several studies have reported cases after ECT. This review aimed to determine the mechanism epileptogenesis with neurobiological changes...

Background The X-linked cyclin-dependent kinase like 5 (CDKL5/STK9) gene has been shown to be responsible for a severe encephalopathy condition characterized by early onset of epilepsy and severe developmental delay. CDKL5 mutations have been shown to be more frequent among female patients. Results Here we report a 6- month male patient, second child of a healthy non consanguineous in the Irani...

objective epilepsy is a common disorder affecting approximately 1% of the population. it is estimated that about 20- 30% of the patients become refractory to proper medical therapies. such cases are often termed intractable. intractable epilepsy (ie) is a serious condition in children, leading to significant impairment in quality of life, as well as behavioral and psychiatric problems. in this ...

REFERENCES 1. Murphy JV. Left vagal nerve stimulation in children with medically refractory epilepsy. The Pediatric VNS Study Group. J Pediatr 1999;134:563–6. 2. Patwardhan RV, Stong B, Bebin EM, et al. Efficacy of vagal nerve stimulation in children with medically refractory epilepsy. Neurosurgery 2000;47:1353–8. 3. Murphy JV, Tokelson R, Dowler I, et al. Vagal nerve stimulation in refractory ...

how to cite this article: karimzadeh p, ashrafi mr, bakhshandeh bali mk, nasehi mm, taheri otaghsara sm, taghdiri mm, ghofrani m. zonisamide efficacy as adjunctive therapy in children with refractory epilepsy. iran j child neurol. 2013 spring; 7(2):37-42. objective approximately one third of epileptic children do not achieve complete seizure improvement. zonisamide is a new antiepileptic drug w...

PURPOSE To investigate early predictors (6 months after diagnosis) of refractory epilepsy. METHODS STUDY DESIGN prospective cohort study. INCLUSION CRITERIA all consecutive children <14 years with two or more unprovoked seizures 24h apart, who were seen at our hospital between 1994 and 2004. EXCLUSION CRITERIA patients previously examined in other centres. DEFINITIONS refractory epil...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none ar-sa background: epilepsy is the second most common type of chronic neurological disease. its diagnosis carries an excess mortality, which is 2-3 times higher than that of general population. mortality rates are increased among patients with uncontrolled seizures . the aim of this study was to characterize the electrocardiogram (ecg) changes during pre-i...

abstract aim and background: evaluation of cognition is fundamental for every comprehensive epilepsy program. we sought to conduct this study to assess memory state of patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy before decision for epilepsy surgery. method and materials: in a case-control study, 20 patients with right temporal lobe epilepsy and 20 patients with left temporal lobe epilepsy w...

background: despite availability and administration of numerous antiepileptic drugs (aeds) nearly 15% of childhood epilepsy cases are resistant to treatment; in traditional medicine however nigella sativa l. (black seed) has been known for its anticonvulsant effects. materials and methods: in this double-blind clinical trial conducted on children with refractory epilepsy we administered the aqu...

Acute encephalopathy with inflammation-mediated status epilepticus, followed by the development of medically refractory epilepsy is a spectrum of disorders being increasingly reported in children. Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) occurring in school age children and hemiconvulsions, hemiplegia and epilepsy (HHE) syndrome occurring in younger children are the two most commonly...