The ambition of zero emission neighborhood has been set out to operate the building components with life cycle greenhouse gas emissions. Hydrocarbon heat pumps as nearly emissions are faced problem simultaneously reducing refrigerant charges and maintaining competitive capacities. These must be resolved by formulating an effective modeling tool for detailed design optimization. To develop a res...

Average Nusselt numbers were measured for R22, R290, R290/600a, and R32/152a undergoing evaporation and condensation in a brazed plate heat exchanger. The refrigerants experienced wavy, stratified flow at low heat and mass fluxes, 1.3 kW/m2 to 8.3 kW/m2 and 1.6 kg/m2 s to 19 kg/m 2 s, respectively. Heat transfer correlations from the literature for in-tube and channel flow of refrigerants with ...

In this study, convective boiling behaviors of refrigerants (R22, R134a, R290, R404a, R410a, R600, R507, R717, and R744) are compared with existing flow correlations. Flow heat transfer rates under the primary influences vapor quality mass flux plotted experimental results that extracted from literature. A statistical approach is introduced for error analysis a valid correlation proposed each r...

Commercial replacement of fluorocarbons in mobile air conditioning systems (MACS) with typically HC-290/600a[60/40] and minimal precautions began in Idaho in 1993. R290/600a has low environmental impact but mixed with air is flammable and frequencies for fire, injury and cabin overpressure were predicted. No such accidents are known from 1993 to mid-2003. R290/600a suppliers consumption, repres...

This paper investigates the selection of best suitable eco-friendly organic and in-organic refrigerants for heating, ventilation, air conditioning (HVAC) renewable energy devices. Inorganic are used to cool devices, such as solar cells, photovoltaics, electronic Owing community’s importance, development in this area has rapidly improved over past few years. R134a, R404, R717 have become most HV...

Energy efficiency and the amount of refrigerant in heat exchangers used cooling systems has recently been an important research subject. In this study, order to compare analyze different types evaporators, industrial refrigerators were designed context, test setups accordance with TS EN ISO 23953-2 standard produced. R290 (propane) was as system. During experiment, temperature-pressure measurem...

Three unitary split systems were evaluated for use with propane as the refrigerant. These three systems were then compared to systems using hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) R-22 and hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) R-410A for environmental effectiveness. The propane systems included one using safety measures, another using propane with flame suppressant, and one using a secondary heat transfer loop to iso...

The effect of the hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) and hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants on environment through attack its halogen contents-chlorine fluorine, ozone layer toxic nature such refrigerants, has paid attention researchers to work towards getting suitable alternatives using hydrocarbons (HC) or blends with HFC refrigerants. This study was centered a retrofit R-134A good coefficient ...