This research attempts to examine the role of Socio-economic factors  in establishing collective behavior of the youth in Boshehr based on Smelser' s structural theory. Smelser in one of the most well-known sociologists in collective behavior studies who explains these behaviors in the framework of social structuralism. This research conducted on survey method. 383 persons selected through syst...

The inclination of individuals to improve their performance when it lags behind that others with whom they naturally compare themselves can be harnessed optimize the individuals’ effort in work and study. In a given set individuals, we characterize each individual by his relative deprivation, which measures how much trails other doing better than him. We seek divide into an exogenously predeter...

This paper develops the link between poverty and inequality by focussing on a class of poverty indices (some of them well-known) which aggregate normative concerns for absolute and relative deprivation. The indices are distinguished by a parameter that captures the ethical sensitivity of poverty measurement to “exclusion” or “relative-deprivation” aversion. We also show how the indices can be r...