We measured forest floor C02 flux in three age classes of forest in the southern Appalachians: 20-year-old, 85-year-old, and old-growth. Our objectives were to quantify differences in forest floor C02 flux among age classes, and determine the relative importance of abiotic and biotic driving variables. Forest floor C02 flux was measured using an openflow infrared gas analyzer measurement system...

Aeolian sediment traps are widely used to estimate the total volume of wind-driven sediment transport, but also to study the vertical mass distribution of a saltating sand cloud. The reliability of sediment flux estimations from such measurements are dependent upon the specific configuration of the measurement compartments and the analysis approach used. In this study, we analyse the uncertaint...

BACKGROUND The effects of the dose of dialysis and the level of flux of the dialyzer membrane on mortality and morbidity among patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis are uncertain. METHODS We undertook a randomized clinical trial in 1846 patients undergoing thrice-weekly dialysis, using a two-by-two factorial design to assign patients randomly to a standard or high dose of dialysis and ...

 Introduction: Nowadays, applications of free-lead radiation shields are increased specially for weighting factor and toxicity of lead elements. Although touching the lead may be results in the nervousand blood system of body, it is not exactly proven yet. Protective measures are the fundamental parts of radiation protection. On the other hand, high weighting factor of lead sh...

Accurate and objective assessment of amputation level in the lower limb plays an important role in patient management. Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) is a new and noninvasive technique for skin blood flow measurement and has been used pre-operatively in 25 patients undergoing amputation for vascular disease and in five normal controls. Baseline flux measurements were made at room temperature on ...

We are proposing that the "relative" abundances of the differently tuned pheromone-component-responsive olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) on insect antennae are not a result of natural selection working to maximize absolute sensitivity to individual pheromone components. Rather, relative abundances are a result of specifically tuned sensillum-plus-ORN units having been selected to accurately tr...

We developed and tested the conditions under which team member change results in flux in team coordination and consequently affects team performance. Results showed that team member change caused high levels of flux in coordination when a member changed to a more strategically core role, or there was low information transfer during the change. Furthermore, coupling strategic “core role holder” ...