Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is a therapeutic strategy for protecting organs or tissue against the detrimental effects of acute ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). It describes an endogenous phenomenon in which the application of one or more brief cycles of non-lethal ischemia and reperfusion to an organ or tissue protects a remote organ or tissue from a sustained episode of lethal IRI. Al...

Remote ischemic conditioning (RCond) induced by short periods of ischemia and reperfusion of an organ or tissue before myocardial reperfusion is an attractive strategy of cardioprotection in the context of acute myocardial infarction. Nonetheless, its mechanism remains unknown. A humoral factor appears to be involved, although its identity is currently unknown. We hypothesized that the circulat...

For the increasing number of patients who survive an acute myocardial infarction, infarct size is the main determinant of further prognosis (1). Timely reperfusion is mandatory to reduce infarct size, and for all conditioning strategies— ischemic pre-conditioning, delayed ischemic pre-conditioning, ischemic post-conditioning, and remote pre-conditioning— reperfusion is a prerequisite to reduce ...

Ischemic heart disease including myocardial infarction is developing on the basis of several risk-factors and co-morbidities such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia. Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide, therefore, identification of drug targets for cardioprotection is of great clinical importance. Ischemic preconditioning, postconditionin...

Ischemic heart disease including myocardial infarction develops on the basis of several risk-factors and comorbidities such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia. Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide, therefore, identification of novel drug targets for cardioprotection is of great importance. Ischemic preconditioning, postconditioning, and re...