With the ongoing need for miniaturized systems in many biological and chemical applications, there is an increasing demand for the development of versatile methods for controllable transport and manipulation of small volumes of liquids. [ 1–9 ] Recently, liquid marbles — liquid droplets encapsulated by self-organized hydrophobic particles at the liquid/air interface — have been revealed as a ne...

A crawling Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) has been developed for scientific activities within coastal and estuarine regions of the ocean for multiple research activities such as environmental impact assessment and integrated coastal zone management. The Modular Amphibious Research Crawler (MARC-1) ROV is designed to operate underwater and in the surfzone to a depth of five meters. The vehicle ...

This paper presents a multi-sensor adaptable navigation system for an underwater remotely operated vehicle (ROV). A new multiple Kalman filter strategy is proposed, in which sensors can easily be added and removed from the navigation system without users having to modify the navigation algorithm. Sensors are assigned confidence levels, modifiable by the operator and the algorithm. The results o...

empirical models are important tools for relating field-measured biophysical variables to remotely sensed data. regression analysis has been a popular empirical method of linking these two types of data to estimate variables such as biomass, percent vegetation canopy cover, and bare soil. this study was conducted in a semi-arid rangeland ecosystem of qazvin province, iran. this paper presents t...

Land cover is a critical variable in epidemiology and can be characterized remotely. A framework is used to describe both the links between land cover and radiation recorded in a remotely sensed image, and the links between land cover and the disease carried by vectors. The framework is then used to explore the issues involved when moving from remotely sensed imagery to land cover and then to v...