We study the basic reproduction number ( R 0 ) in an epidemic model where infected individuals are initially asymptomatic and structured by time since infection. At beginning of outbreak computation relies on limited data based mostly symptomatic cases, not detected surveillance system. has been widely used as indicator to assess dissemination infectious diseases. Asymptomatic assumed either be...

Most of the epidemiological models Covid-19 pandemic contain reproduction number (R) as a parameter. In this article we focus on some shortcomings regarding its role in driving health policies and political decisions. First, summarize what R is it used for. Second, introduce three-question matrix for evaluation any construct or parameter within model. We then review main literature about to hig...

In this paper, we studied and formulated the relapsed SIR model of a constant size population with standard incidence rate. Also, the optimal control problem with treatment and vaccination as controls, subject to the model is formulated. The analysis carried out on the model, clearly showed that the infection free steady state is globally asymptotically stable if the bas...

in this paper we study the dynamics of hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection under administration of a vaccine and treatment, where the disease is transmitted directly from the parents to the offspring  and also through contact with infective individuals. stability of the disease-free steady state is investigated. the basic reproductive rate, $r_0$, is derived. the results show that the dynamics of...