Many plants produce plant secondary compounds (PSCs) that bind and inhibit the digestive enzymes of herbivores, thus limiting digestibility for the herbivore. Herbivorous insects employ several physiological responses to overcome the anti-nutritive effects of PSCs. However, studies in vertebrates have not shown such responses, perhaps stemming from the fact that previously studied vertebrates w...

Polyploidy (or whole-genome doubling) is a key mechanism for plant speciation leading to new evolutionary lineages. Several lines of evidence show that most species among flowering plants had polyploidy ancestry, but it is virtually unknown for conifers. Here, we study variability in pollen tetrad morphology and the size of the conifer pollen type Classopollis extracted from sediments of the Tr...

Wood creosotes are derived from the resin from leaves of the creosote bush (Larrea, referred to herein as creosote bush resin) and beechwood (Fagus, referred to herein as beechwood creosote). Creosote bush resin consists of phenolic (e.g., flavonoids and nordihydroguaiaretic acid), neutral (e.g., waxes), basic (e.g., alkaloids), and acidic (e.g., phenolic acids) compounds. The phenolic portion ...

Boron minerals are very useful for various industrial activities, such as glass industry and detergent industry, due to its mechanical and chemical properties. During the production of boron compounds, many of these are introduced into the environment in the form of waste. Boron is also an important micro nutrient for the plants to vegetate but if it exists in high concentrations, it could have...

Cannabis (Cannabis sativa) plants produce and accumulate a terpene-rich resin in glandular trichomes, which are abundant on the surface of the female inflorescence. Bouquets of different monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes are important components of cannabis resin as they define some of the unique organoleptic properties and may also influence medicinal qualities of different cannabis strains and ...

Resins are used in nuclear power plants for water ultrapurification. Two approaches are considered in this work: column experiments and simulations. A software called OPTIPUR was developed, tested and used. The approach simulates the onedimensional reactive transport in porous medium with convectivedispersive transport between particles and diffusive transport within the boundary layer around t...

Pentacyclic triterpenes are ubiquitously distributed throughout the plant kingdom, in a free form as aglycones or in combined forms, and have long been known to have a number of biological effects. The compounds-amyrin and -amyrin are commonly found in medicinal plants and oleo-resin obtained by bark incision of several species of Bursera or Protium of the Burseraceae family. Both in vitro a...

The use of natural gums, taken from the exudates and extracts of plants, has been given a strong impulse due to both the many and lucrative possibilities for industrialization and to the excellent international market. A gum or resin of a yellowish color, soluble in water, and which presents a great potential for industrialization, appears on the trunk and branches of the cashew tree; that is k...

The incinerators described were developed to dispose of waste liquids and sludges fr' om paint and resin plants. The operation of two prototype designs demonstrated: (1) complete combustion without fluid atomization, (2) ability to burn organic liquids containing dissolved and suspended solids, (3) low noise level, (4) smoke-free stack effluent without the use of air pollution control equipment...

Behavior of the strongly basic, macroporous ion-exchange resin Amberlite IRA 958Cl is circumstantially explained in the book chapter. Effects of different specific flow rate (SFR) and determination of its optimum value, as well as effects of the empty-bed contact time (EBCT) values on the removal of NOM, arsenic, sulfate, electrical conductivity, bicarbonate and chlorine from groundwater using ...