more than one percent of the labor force in each country consists of welders exposed to various damages caused by welding. the number of studies conducted in this field is low, especially in iran. in this paper, we tried to discover any temporary and reversible obstructive effect of welding fumes on the respiratory systems of welders. in this cross-sectional study, peak expiratory flow rates an...

The purpose of this paper has been to explore the relationship between upper airway obstruction and craniofacial growth. A review of the literature and of a preliminary study by the author in collaboration with investigators at the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh indicate both the spectrum of skeletal and dental configurations which are associated with upper airway obstruction and the signifi...

Postsynaptic inhibition is a key element of neural circuits underlying behavior, with 20-50% of all mammalian (nongranule) neurons considered inhibitory. For rhythmic movements in mammals, e.g., walking, swimming, suckling, chewing, and breathing, inhibition is often hypothesized to play an essential rhythmogenic role. Here we study the role of fast synaptic inhibitory neurotransmission in the ...

The major determinants of VO2 resp and, thus, diaphragmatic endurance are the tension-time index, work rate and lung volume. Changes in breathing pattern that adversely affect any of these factors can impair diaphragmatic endurance. A TTdi above 0.15-0.18 indicates a potentially fatiguing pattern of contraction. However, fatigue may occur at a TTdi below 0.15 if the work rate is sufficiently hi...

The majority of scientific papers on the subject of respiratory patterns in insects have dealt with the discontinuous gas-exchange cycle (DGC). The DGC is characterized by the release of bursts of CO(2) from the insect, followed by extended periods of spiracular closure. Several hypotheses have been put forward to explain the evolutionary origin and physiological function of this unusual respir...

The objective of this study was to compare the breathing pattern of patients who failed to wean from mechanical ventilation to the pattern during acute respiratory failure. We hypothesized that a similar breathing pattern occurs under both conditions. Breathing pattern, mouth occlusion pressure (P[0.1]) and maximum inspiratory pressure (P[I,max]) were measured in 15 patients during acute respir...